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Editorial
. 2023 Mar 21:10:1118625.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1118625. eCollection 2023.

Editorial: Gut permeability-related endotoxemia and cardiovascular disease: A new clinical challenge

Francesco Violi  1   2 , Cristina Nocella  1
Affiliations
Editorial

Editorial: Gut permeability-related endotoxemia and cardiovascular disease: A new clinical challenge

Francesco Violi et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .
No abstract available

Keywords: LPS (lipopolysaccharide); cardiovasclar disease; gut microbiota; gut permeability; thrombosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic representation of gut permeability-related endotoxemia and cardiovascular disease. (A) Enhanced intestinal barrier permeability is a consequence of gut dysbiosis that, by the down-regulation of intestinal adhesive proteins, leads to the translocation of bacteria or bacteria products, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), into the systemic circulation; (B) gut permeability can be measured by several approaches including serum levels of zonulin, the analysis of d-lactate levels in the blood and the measurement of urinary excretion of dextrose and mannitol; (C) at the level of intestinal or liver cells, several processes occur to detoxify LPS such the production and secretion of the lipoprotein HDL3, the activity of the intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), which dephosphorylates LPS, and the liver acyloxyacylhydrolase, which deacylated critical fatty acid residues for LPS recognition; (D) failure of mechanisms to detoxify LPS favours its translocation into the bloodstream, and finally (E) the atherothrombosis mediated by several cells including platelets, endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils.
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