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Case Reports
. 2023 Mar 7;15(3):e35882.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.35882. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Motor Phenomena Associated With Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated (LGI1) Emi-Encephalitis

Maurizio Giorelli  1 , Maria S Aniello  1 , Sergio Altomare  1 , Ruggiero Leone  1 , Daniele Liuzzi  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Motor Phenomena Associated With Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated (LGI1) Emi-Encephalitis

Maurizio Giorelli et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

LGI1 encephalitis is a rare immune-mediated brain disorder. Its typical features include faciobrachial dystonic seizures (FBDS), startle reactions, chorea, myoclonus, atypical parkinsonism, cogni-tive impairment, and personality changes. We report the case of a 57-year-old woman presenting with distinct patterns of involuntary movements, including faciobrachial dystonic spasms, dyskinetic movements, and chorea. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tests on blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) demonstrated encephalitis involving the right temporal lobe and caudate nucleus and associated with LGI1-antibody. LGI1 encephalitis may present with simultaneous distinct patterns of movement disorders depending on the cortical and subcortical structures involved in the disease.

Keywords: caudatum; chorea; epilptetic spasms; fbds; lgi1 antibody autoimmune encephalitis; temporal lobe.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain
MRI fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) showing hyperintensity in the medial right temporal lobe (a; yellow arrow) and anterior right caudatus (b; red arrow).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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