Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Mar 15;14(3):343-346.
doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.343.

Ca2+/cAMP ratio: An inflammatory index for diabetes, hypertension, and COVID-19

Leandro Bergantin  1
Affiliations

Ca2+/cAMP ratio: An inflammatory index for diabetes, hypertension, and COVID-19

Leandro Bergantin. World J Diabetes. .

Abstract

Ca2+/cAMP ratio could serve as an inflammatory index for diseases like hyp-ertension, diabetes, and coronavirus disease 2019.

Keywords: COVID-19; Ca2+/cAMP ratio; Diabetes; Inflammatory index.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to report.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Altered Ca2+/cAMP ratio resulting from an inflammatory stimulus and infection with SARS-CoV-2. Altered Ca2+/cAMP ratio stimulates uncontrolled inflammation, leading to virus replication, increase of β-cell apoptosis and decrease of insulin levels, and sympathetic hyperactivity. Up/down arrows: Increase/decrease; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Bergantin LB. Diabetes and inflammatory diseases: An overview from the perspective of Ca(2+)/3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling. World J Diabetes. 2021;12:767–779. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bergantin LB. A Timeline of Ca(2+)/cAMP Signalling: From Basic Research to Potential Therapeutics for Dementia. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2022;19:179–187. - PubMed
    1. Abdi A, Jalilian M, Sarbarzeh PA, Vlaisavljevic Z. Diabetes and COVID-19: A systematic review on the current evidences. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;166:108347. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lima-Martínez MM, Carrera Boada C, Madera-Silva MD, Marín W, Contreras M. COVID-19 and diabetes: A bidirectional relationship. Clin Investig Arterioscler. 2021;33:151–157. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Peng M, He J, Xue Y, Yang X, Liu S, Gong Z. Role of Hypertension on the Severity of COVID-19: A Review. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2021;78:e648–e655. - PMC - PubMed