Ceftobiprole medocaril for the treatment of pneumonia

Abstract

Introduction: Ceftobiprole, a fifth-generation cephalosporin, exhibits a broad-spectrum activity against common pathogens causing pneumonia, including multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), such as penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and non-extended-spectrum β -lactamase (non-ESBL) producing Enterobacterales strains. Therefore, ceftobiprole should be considered as a potential alternative for the empirical treatment of pneumonia in patients with high risk for MDROs.

Area covered: In this review, we discussed the role of ceftobiprole in the treatment of patients with pneumonia.

Expert opinion: Ceftobiprole has several advantages in the treatment of pneumonia. First, ceftobiprole exerts its bactericidal activity by inhibiting transpeptidases, especially showing strong affinities to penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2a, PBP2× and PBP3. Second, its plasma protein binding is minimal, allowing it to penetrate lung tissue and achieve high concentrations in epithelial lung fluid. Third, ceftobiprole exhibits potent in vitro activity against a wide range of susceptible pathogens, including S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, Viridans streptococci, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Enterobacterales, and particularly, MRSA and P. aeruginosa. Finally, several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the clinical efficacy and safety of ceftobiprole in the treatment of pediatric and adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia (excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia).

Keywords: Ceftobiprole; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; community-acquired pneumonia; hospital-acquired pneumonia; methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus.