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Review
. 2023 Mar 30;12(7):2611.
doi: 10.3390/jcm12072611.

Chronic Heart Failure in Children: State of the Art and New Perspectives

Biagio Castaldi  1 , Elena Cuppini  1 , Jennifer Fumanelli  1 , Angela Di Candia  1   2 , Jolanda Sabatino  1   2 , Domenico Sirico  1 , Vladimiro Vida  3 , Massimo Padalino  2   3 , Giovanni Di Salvo  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Chronic Heart Failure in Children: State of the Art and New Perspectives

Biagio Castaldi et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Pediatric heart failure (HF) is an important clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality. Compared to adults, pediatric HF shows different etiologies characterized by different physiology, a different clinical course, and deeply different therapeutic approaches. In the last few years, new drugs have been developed and new therapeutic strategies have been proposed with the goal of identifying an individualized treatment regimen. The aim of this article is to review the new potential drugs and non-pharmacological therapies for pediatric heart failure in children.

Keywords: device therapy for chronic heart failure; heart failure; pediatric heart failure; pharmacotherapy for heart failure; pulmonary artery banding.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Atrial flow regulator device. Top on the left: the device in frontal and lateral views. The bottom on the left shows the trans-esophageal view of the implanted device (mid-esophageal view, 52°). On the right is a fluoroscopic view of the device just before the release. (LA left atrium, RA right atrium, AFR atrial flow regulator)
Figure 2
Figure 2
A suggested algorithm of treatment HFrEF.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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