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Review
. 2023 Mar 29;15(7):1701.
doi: 10.3390/polym15071701.

Advances in the Production of Biomaterials through Kombucha Using Food Waste: Concepts, Challenges, and Potential

Anelise Leal Vieira Cubas  1 , Ana Paula Provin  1 , Ana Regina Aguiar Dutra  1 , Cláudia Mouro  2 , Isabel C Gouveia  2
Affiliations
Review

Advances in the Production of Biomaterials through Kombucha Using Food Waste: Concepts, Challenges, and Potential

Anelise Leal Vieira Cubas et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

In recent years, several researchers have focused their studies on the development of sustainable biomaterials using renewable sources, including the incorporation of living biological systems. One of the best biomaterials is bacterial cellulose (BC). There are several ways to produce BC, from using a pure strain to producing the fermented drink kombucha, which has a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeasts (SCOBY). Studies have shown that the use of agricultural waste can be a low-cost and sustainable way to create BC. This article conducts a literature review to analyze issues related to the creation of BC through kombucha production. The databases used were ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and SpringerLink. A total of 42 articles, dated from 2018 to 2022, were referenced to write this review. The findings contributed to the discussion of three topics: (1) The production of BC through food waste (including patents in addition to the scientific literature); (2) Areas of research, sectors, and products that use BC (including research that did not use the kombucha drink, but used food waste as a source of carbon and nitrogen); and (3) Production, sustainability, and circular economy: perspectives, challenges, and trends in the use of BC (including some advantages and disadvantages of BC production through the kombucha drink).

Keywords: bacterial cellulose; biomaterial; food waste; kombucha; sustainability.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Exemplification of the method used for the selection of research articles. Source: authors, 2022.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Number of documents and citations in the databases using the search terms and filter between 2018 and 2022. Source: authors, 2022.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Graph showing the number of publications by continent. Source: authors, 2022.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Analysis of the participation of the research areas of the 42 articles that make up the portfolio. Source: authors, 2022.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Co-occurrence among the most used terms among the 42 research articles. Source: authors, 2022.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Advantages and disadvantages of bacterial cellulose production through kombucha drink. Source: authors, 2022.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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