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. 2023 Apr;104(4):214-221.
doi: 10.4174/astr.2023.104.4.214. Epub 2023 Mar 31.

Efficacy of air leak test in detection of anastomotic leaks after rectal excision: a retrospective case-controlled study

Seung Ho Song  1 , Jun Seok Park  1   2 , Gyu-Seog Choi  1 , Soo Yeon Park  1   2 , Hye Jin Kim  1 , Sung-Min Lee  1 , Dong-Hee Na  1 , Min Hye Jeong  1
Affiliations

Efficacy of air leak test in detection of anastomotic leaks after rectal excision: a retrospective case-controlled study

Seung Ho Song et al. Ann Surg Treat Res. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

Purpose: Although its efficacy is uncertain, an intraoperative air leak test (ALT) is commonly used to detect mechanical defects following bowel anastomosis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ALT to detect anastomotic leakage (AL) following rectal excision.

Methods: We reviewed our database for patients with rectal cancers who had undergone curative surgery between January 2012 and January 2018. Patients were grouped according to whether or not an ALT was performed. Propensity score analyses were performed to compare outcomes for groups in a 1:1 case-matched cohort.

Results: In total, 1,191 patients underwent rectal excision; 438 (219 in each group) formed the case-matched cohort for analysis. The protective stoma rate was 16.0% and 14.6% in the ALT and the no-ALT groups, respectively (P = 0.791). In the ALT group, 2 patients (0.9%) showed a positive result and were treated with rectal tube drainage, resulting in no leakage. There was no significant difference in postoperative AL rate between the groups (ALT group: 4.6% vs. no-ALT group: 4.1%, P > 0.999).

Conclusion: ALT played a minimal role in detecting AL following rectal excision. Further studies are warranted to validate our results and clarify whether AL can be prevented with ALT or alternative methods.

Keywords: Air leak test; Anastomotic leak; Laparoscopy; Rectal excision; Robotic surgical procedures.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Study flow diagram. KNUCH, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital; ALT, air leak test.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Diagram showing the categorization of the no air leak test group (no-ALT).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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