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Review
. 2023 Mar 27:14:1110028.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110028. eCollection 2023.

Predictive short/long-term efficacy biomarkers and resistance mechanisms of CD19-directed CAR-T immunotherapy in relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas

Hao Xu  1   2 , Ningwen Li  1   2 , Gaoxiang Wang  1   2 , Yang Cao  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Predictive short/long-term efficacy biomarkers and resistance mechanisms of CD19-directed CAR-T immunotherapy in relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas

Hao Xu et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Genetically modified T-cell immunotherapies are revolutionizing the therapeutic options for hematological malignancies, especially those of B-cell origin. Impressive efficacies of CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy have been reported in refractory/relapsed (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients who were resistant to current standard therapies, with a complete remission (CR) rate of approximately 50%. At the same time, problems of resistance and relapse following CAR-T therapy have drawn growing attention. Recently, great efforts have been made to determine various factors that are connected to the responses and outcomes following CAR-T therapy, which may not only allow us to recognize those with a higher likelihood of responding and who could benefit most from the therapy but also identify those with a high risk of resistance and relapse and to whom further appropriate treatment should be administered following CAR-T therapy. Thus, we concentrate on the biomarkers that can predict responses and outcomes after CD19-directed CAR-T immunotherapy. Furthermore, the mechanisms that may lead to treatment failure are also discussed in this review.

Keywords: B-cell lymphoma; CAR-T therapy; biomarker; efficacy; refractory/relapse; resistance.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of CAR-T therapy mechanisms.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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