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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Jan 2;16(1):23-34.
doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihad027.

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ali Taghipour  1 , Ehsan Javanmard  2 , Hanieh Mohammad Rahimi  3 , Amir Abdoli  4   5 , Sara Matin  6 , Marzieh Haghbin  7 , Meysam Olfatifar  8 , Hamed Mirjalali  3 , Mohammad Reza Zali  9
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ali Taghipour et al. Int Health. .

Abstract

Patients with diabetes are at an increased risk of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs). We evaluated the pooled prevalence and OR of IPIs in patients with diabetes through a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic search was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol for studies reporting IPIs in patients with diabetes through 1 August 2022. The collected data were analyzed using comprehensive meta-analysis software version 2. Thirteen case-control studies and nine cross-sectional studies were included in this study. The overall prevalence of IPIs in patients with diabetes was calculated to be 24.4% (95% CI 18.8 to 31%). Considering the case-control design, the prevalence of IPIs in case (25.7%; 95% CI 18.4 to 34.5%) was higher than controls (15.5%; 95% CI 8.4 to 26.9%) and a significant correlation was observed (OR, 1.80; 95% CI 1.08 to 2.97%). Moreover, a significant correlation was seen in the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. (OR, 3.30%; 95% CI 1.86 to 5.86%), Blastocystis sp. (OR, 1.57%; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.22%) and hookworm (OR, 6.09%; 95% CI 1.11 to 33.41%) in the cases group. The present results revealed a higher prevalence of IPIs in patients with diabetes than in controls. Therefore, the results of this study suggest a proper health education program to preventing measures for the acquisition of IPIs in patients with diabetes.

Keywords: diabetes; helminths; intestinal parasites infection; meta-analysis; protozoa; systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Flow diagram of the study design process.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Forest plot of pooled prevalence of IPIs in diabetes patients.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Forest plot of pooled ORs of IPIs in case-control studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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