Cardiac arrest treated with a new automatic external defibrillator by out-of-hospital first responders

Abstract

Two hundred sixty patients in cardiac arrest were treated with an automatic external defibrillator by first-responding firefighters before arrival of paramedics. On average, first responders arrived 5 minutes before paramedics. Of 118 patients with ventricular fibrillation, 91 (77%) were administered shocks, 21 (23%) of whom had return of pulse and blood pressure by the time paramedics arrived. Fifty-six (62%) were admitted to the hospital and 30 (33%) survived. The survival rate for all 118 victims discovered with ventricular fibrillation was 27%. The device correctly classified the initial and all subsequent rhythms in 92 patients with asystole, 46 with electromechanical dissociation, and 22 others with presumed respiratory arrest; it did not deliver any inappropriate shocks to patients or to the rescuers using the device. An automatic external defibrillator can be used by first responders as an adjunct to basic life support, and its use may improve survival by shortening the time to defibrillation.