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. 2023 Apr 12;10(4):230013.
doi: 10.1098/rsos.230013. eCollection 2023 Apr.

Barbigerone prevents scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase levels

Shareefa A AlGhamdi  1   2 , Fahad A Al-Abbasi  1 , Amira M Alghamdi  1 , Asma B Omer  3 , Obaid Afzal  4 , Abdulmalik S A Altamimi  4 , Abdulaziz Alamri  5 , Sami I Alzarea  6 , Waleed Hassan Almalki  7 , Imran Kazmi  1
Affiliations

Barbigerone prevents scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase levels

Shareefa A AlGhamdi et al. R Soc Open Sci. .

Abstract

The current study was designed for the evaluation of barbigerone on memory loss. In this experimental study, 24 Wistar rats (n = 6) were used. Control rats and scopolamine (SCOP)-treated control group rats were orally administered with 3 ml of 0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (vehicle), whereas barbigerone was (10 and 20 mg kg-1) administered orally to the rats from the test group. During the 14-day treatment, control group rats were given 3 ml kg-1 day-1 saline, and all other groups were administered SCOP (1 mg kg-1 day-1, i.p.) 1 h after barbigerone p.o. treatment. The spontaneous alternation activities, learning capacities of a rat's memory were tested with Morris water maze and Y-maze. Reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and catalase (CAT) levels were measured in rat brain tissue as oxidative stress/antioxidant markers. Moreover, the levels of tumour necrosis factor, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β were also estimated. Treatment with barbigerone in SCOP-administered rats dramatically reduced SCOP-induced neurobehavioural deficits, oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory markers, improved endogenous antioxidants, and restored AChE activity. By improving cholinergic function and reducing oxidative damage, barbigerone could mitigate the effects of SCOP-induced changes in the brain.

Keywords: dementia; flavonoids; isoflavone; neuroprotective.

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare we have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Chemical structure of barbigerone.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The schematic representation of the experimental procedure.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
(a,b) Action of barbigerone on MWM test in rats treated with SCOP. (a) Escape latency, (b) time spent in target quadrants. ‘Mean ± s.e.m. (n = 6). #p < 0.0001 versus control, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001 and ***p < 0.0001 versus SCOP control’.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
(a,b) Action of barbigerone on Y-maze test on rats treated with SCOP. (a) Spontaneous alternation and (b) total number of arm entries. ‘Mean ± s.e.m. (n = 6). #p < 0.0001 versus control, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001 and ***p < 0.0001 versus SCOP control’.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Action of barbigerone on AChE activity in rats treated with SCOP. ‘Mean ± s.e.m. (n = 6). #p < 0.0001 versus control, **p < 0.001 and ***p < 0.0001 versus SCOP control’.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
(a–c) Action of barbigerone on (a) SOD, (b) reduced GSH and (c) CAT in rats treated with SCOP. ‘Mean ± s.e.m. (n = 6). #p < 0.0001 versus control, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001 and ***p < 0.0001 versus SCOP control’.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Effect of barbigerone on MDA levels in rats treated with SCOP. ‘Mean ± s.e.m. (n = 6). #p < 0.0001 versus control, **p < 0.001 and ***p < 0.0001 versus SCOP control’.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
(a–c) Effect of barbigerone on pro-inflammatory cytokines in rats treated with SCOP. (a) IL-1β, (b) interleukin-6 (IL-6) and (c) TNF-α. ‘Mean ± s.e.m. (n = 6). #p < 0.0001 versus control, **p < 0.001 and ***p < 0.0001 versus SCOP control’.
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