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. 2023 Apr 18;11(2):E336-E344.
doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20210325. Print 2023 Mar-Apr.

Scoping review of guidance on cessation interventions for electronic cigarettes and dual electronic and combustible cigarettes use

Anasua Kundu  1 , Erika Kouzoukas  2 , Laurie Zawertailo  2 , Chantal Fougere  2 , Rosa Dragonetti  2 , Peter Selby  2 , Robert Schwartz  2
Affiliations

Scoping review of guidance on cessation interventions for electronic cigarettes and dual electronic and combustible cigarettes use

Anasua Kundu et al. CMAJ Open. .

Abstract

Background: Although evidence-based smoking cessation guidelines are available, the applicability of these guidelines for the cessation of electronic cigarette and dual e-cigarette and combustible cigarette use is not yet established. In this review, we aimed to identify current evidence or recommendations for cessation interventions for e-cigarette users and dual users tailored to adolescents, youth and adults, and to provide direction for future research.

Methods: We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and grey literature for publications that provided evidence or recommendations on vaping cessation for e-cigarette users and complete cessation of cigarette and e-cigarette use for dual users. We excluded publications focused on smoking cessation, harm reduction by e-cigarettes, cannabis vaping, and management of lung injury associated with e-cigarette or vaping use. Data were extracted on general characteristics and recommendations made in the publications, and different critical appraisal tools were used for quality assessment.

Results: A total of 13 publications on vaping cessation interventions were included. Most articles were youth-focused, and behavioural counselling and nicotine replacement therapy were the most recommended interventions. Whereas 10 publications were appraised as "high quality" evidence, 5 articles adapted evidence from evaluation of smoking cessation. No study was found on complete cessation of cigarettes and e-cigarettes for dual users.

Interpretation: There is little evidence in support of effective vaping cessation interventions and no evidence for dual use cessation interventions. For an evidence-based cessation guideline, clinical trials should be rigorously designed to evaluate the effectiveness of behavioural interventions and medications for e-cigarette and dual use cessation among different subpopulations.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: Laurie Zawertailo provided an expert report on the health effects of e-cigarettes to Cambridge LLP, is chair of the data and safety monitoring board for a Cytisine randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted by investigators at the Ottawa Heart Institute (2021–2025), is a member of the trial steering committee for an RCT of e-cigarette effectiveness for smoking cessation in individuals with severe mental illness (2022–2026) and is a member of the scientific steering committee for the National Forum on Tobacco and Vaping Control February 2023 virtual conference. Peter Selby reports grant funding awarded through his institution from Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Health Canada, Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute, Medical Psychiatry Alliance, Ontario Ministry of Health, Canadian Partnership Against Cancer, Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, and Pfizer. Dr. Selby also reports receipt of honoraria for speaking engagements from TeleECHO, Center for Research on Flavored Tobacco, Ottawa Heart Association, Veterans Affairs Canada, American Society of Addiction Medicine, ASAM (American Society of Addiction Medicine) Fundamentals of Addiction Medicine, Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, and the University of Toronto. No other competing interests were declared.

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:
PRISMA flow diagram showing study selection. Note: CADTH = Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, CIHI = Canadian Institute for Health Information, CMA = Canadian Medical Association, EVALI = e-cigarette or vaping use–associated lung injury, NICE = National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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