Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Apr 14;32(1):e2022593.
doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222023000100007. eCollection 2023.

Spatial patterns and epidemiological characterization of suicides in the Chapecó micro-region, Santa Catarina, Brazil: an ecological study, 1996-2018

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Daniel Hideki Bando  1 , Lucas Azeredo Rodrigues  2 , Laura Lange Biesek  3 , Deoclécio Luchini Junior  3 , Paulo Roberto Barbato  3 , Graciela Soares Fonsêca  3 , Jane Kelly Oliveira Friestino  3
Affiliations

Spatial patterns and epidemiological characterization of suicides in the Chapecó micro-region, Santa Catarina, Brazil: an ecological study, 1996-2018

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Daniel Hideki Bando et al. Epidemiol Serv Saude. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese, Spanish

Objective: to identify spatial clusters of suicide and its epidemiological characteristics in the Chapecó (SC) micro-region from 1996 to 2018.

Methods: this was an exploratory ecological study, using data from the Mortality Information System; specific suicide rates and relative risks (RR) were calculated with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI); the scan statistic was used for spatial analysis.

Results: there were 1,034 suicides (13.7/100,000 inhabitants), with a male/female ratio of 3.79; the ≥ 60 age group was at higher risk for both sexes; a high risk cluster was found in the southwest region (RR = 1.57) and a low risk cluster in the southeast region, including Chapecó itself (RR = 0.68); risk of suicide among widowed (RR = 3.05; 95%CI 1.99;4.67), separated (RR = 2.48; 95%CI 1.44;4.27), and married (RR = 1.97; 95%CI 1.54;2.51) people was higher than among single people. The main methods were hanging (81.2%) and firearms (9.7%).

Conclusion: there was a higher risk of suicide in the elderly, male and widowed people. Hanging was the most frequent method and risk clustering was found in the southwest.

Objetivo:: identificar conglomerados espaciais do suicídio e características epidemiológicas na microrregião de Chapecó, SC, Brasil, 1996-2018.

Métodos:: estudo ecológico exploratório, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade; foram calculadas taxas específicas de suicídio, e riscos relativos (RR) com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%); na análise espacial, utilizou-se estatística scan.

Resultados:: 1.034 suicídios (13,7/100 mil habitantes), a razão sexo masculino/feminino de 3,79; a idade ≥ 60 anos apresentou maior risco para ambos os sexos; observou-se um conglomerado de alto risco na região sudoeste (RR = 1,57) e um de menor risco a sudeste, incluindo Chapecó (RR = 0,68); risco de suicídio entre viúvos (RR = 3,05; IC95% 1,99;4,67), separados (RR = 2,48; IC95% 1,44;4,27) e casados (RR = 1,97; IC95% 1,54;2,51) maior que entre solteiros; principal método, enforcamento (81,2%), seguido por uso de arma de fogo (9,7%).

Conclusão:: maior risco de suicídio para idosos, sexo masculino e viúvos; enforcamento foi mais frequente; conglomerado de risco a sudoeste.

Objetivo:: identificar agregados espaciales de suicidio y el perfil epidemiológico en la microrregión de Chapecó (SC), 1996-2018.

Métodos:: estudio ecológico exploratorio, con datos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad. Fueron calculadas tasas específicas de suicidio y riesgos relativos (RR) con intervalo de confianza 95% (IC95%). Para el análisis espacial se utilizó la estadística scan.

Resultados:: hubo 1.034 suicidios (13,7/100.000 habitantes), razón sexo masculino/femenino de 3,79. El grupo de ≥ 60 años presentó mayor riesgo para ambos sexos. Se observó un agregado de alto riesgo en la región suroeste (RR = 1,57) y un agregado de menor riesgo en el sureste (RR = 0,68). El riesgo de suicidio entre viudos (RR = 3.05; IC95% 1,99;4,67), separados (RR = 2.48; IC95% 1,44;4,27) y casados (RR = 1.97; IC95% 1,54;2,51) fueron mayores que entre solteros. El principal medio fue el ahorcamiento (81,2%), seguido de las armas de fuego (9,7%).

Conclusión:: hubo mayor riesgo de suicidio en ancianos, sexo masculino y viudos. Ahorcamiento fue el método más frecuente y se observó agrupación de riesgos hacia el Suroeste.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: The authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. - Map showing location of the study area and describing the municipalities that comprise the Chapecó micro-region, Santa Catarina, Brazil
Figure 2
Figure 2. - Suicide rate distribution by municipality and spatial clusters with high risk and low risk of suicide, Chapecó micro-region, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 1996-2018
Figure 3
Figure 3. - Proportion of mortality per suicide method (n = 1,034), Chapecó micro-region, Santa Catarina, Brazil, 1996-2018
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Turecki G, Brent DA, Gunnell D, O’Connor RC, Oquendo MA, Pirkis J, et al. Suicide and suicide risk. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019;5(1):74–74. doi: 10.1038/s41572-019-0121-0. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zalsman G, Hawton K, Wasserman D, van Heeringen K, Arensman E, Sarchiapone M, et al. Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(7):646–659. doi: 10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30030-x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Dutra K, Preis LC, Caetano J, Santos JLG, Lessa G. Experiencing suicide in the family: from mourning to the quest for overcoming. Rev Bras Enferm. 2018;71(Suppl 5):2146–2153. doi: 10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0679. - DOI - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization . The Global Health Observatory 2019 [Internet] Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019. [2022 nov 30]. Available from: https://www.who.int/data/gho .
    1. Rodrigues CD, Souza DS, Rodrigues HM, Konstantyner TCRO. Trends in suicide rates in Brazil from 1997 to 2015. Braz J Psychiatry. 2019;41(5):380–388. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0230. - DOI - PMC - PubMed