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. 2023 Jun;12(11):12452-12461.
doi: 10.1002/cam4.5955. Epub 2023 Apr 19.

Individualized prediction of survival benefit from postoperative radiotherapy for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma

Yang Wo  1   2   3 , Yizhou Peng  1   2   3 , Zhigang Wu  1   2   3 , Pengcheng Liu  1   2   3 , Yan Shang  1   2   3 , Xuxia Shen  3   4 , Yihua Sun  1   2   3
Affiliations

Individualized prediction of survival benefit from postoperative radiotherapy for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma

Yang Wo et al. Cancer Med. 2023 Jun.

Abstract

Objectives: The role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains controversial and the eighth edition TNM staging scheme for MPM has not been fully verified. We aimed to develop an individualized prediction model for identifying optimal candidates for PORT among MPM patients who received surgery plus chemotherapy and externally validate the performance of the new TNM staging scheme.

Materials and methods: Detailed characteristics of MPM patients during 2004-2015 were retrieved from SEER registries. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to reduce disparities of baseline characteristics (age, sex, histologic type, stage, and type of surgery) between the PORT group and no-PORT group. A novel nomogram was constructed based on independent prognosticators identified by multivariate Cox regression model. The discriminatory performance and degree of calibration were evaluated. We stratified patients into different risk groups according to nomogram total scores and estimated the survival benefit of PORT in different subgroups in order to identify the optimal candidates.

Results: We identified 596 MPM patients, among which 190 patients (31.9%) received PORT. PORT conferred significant survival benefit in the unmatched population, while there was no significant survival difference favoring PORT in the matched population. The C-index of the new TNM staging scheme was closed to 0.5, which represented a poor discriminatory ability. A novel nomogram was constructed based on clinicopathological factors, including age, sex, histology, and N stage. We stratified patients into three risk groups. Subgroup analyses indicated that PORT was beneficial for high-risk group (p = 0.003) rather than low-risk group (p = 0.965) and intermediate-risk group (p = 0.661).

Conclusion: We established a novel predictive model, which could make individualized prediction of survival benefit of PORT for MPM and could compensate for weakness in TNM staging system.

Keywords: SEER; nomogram; prognostic factor; radiotherapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Survival curves of overall survival according to treatment modality in the unmatched (A) and matched (B) populations. PORT, postoperative radiotherapy.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Survival curves of overall survival according to (A) T descriptors, (B) N descriptors, and (C) TNM stage. PORT, postoperative radiotherapy.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Constructed nomogram for predicting overall survival and benefit of postoperative radiotherapy in stage I–III malignant pleural mesothelioma.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Survival curves of overall survival according to (A) risk subgroups, (B) treatment modality in low‐risk subgroup, (C) treatment modality in intermediate‐risk subgroup, and (D) treatment modality in high‐risk subgroup. PORT, postoperative radiotherapy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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