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. 2023 Apr 18;16(4):601-607.
doi: 10.18240/ijo.2023.04.14. eCollection 2023.

Assessment of the effects of induced anisometropia on binocularity with glasses-free 3D technique

Xu-Bo Yang  1   2 , Wei-Dong Huang  2 , Yong-Chuan Liao  1
Affiliations

Assessment of the effects of induced anisometropia on binocularity with glasses-free 3D technique

Xu-Bo Yang et al. Int J Ophthalmol. .

Abstract

Aim: To assess the effect of experimentally induced anisometropia on binocularity in normal adults with glasses-free three-dimensional (3D) technique.

Methods: Totally 54 healthy medical students with normal binocularity in the cross-sectional study were enrolled. Anisometropia was induced by placing trail lenses over the right eye, in 0.5 D steps including lenses of -0.5, -1, -1.5, -2, -2.5 D (hyperopic anisometropia) and lenses of +0.5, +1, +1.5, +2, +2.5 D (myopic anisometropia). The glasses-free 3D technique was used to evaluated not only fine stereopsis, but also coarse stereopsis, dynamic stereopsis, foveal suppression, and peripheral suppression in these subjects. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare quantitative data such as fine stereopsis, coarse stereopsis. Pearson's Chi-square test was performed to compare categorical data such as dynamic stereopsis, foveal suppression and peripheral suppression.

Results: The subjects showed a statistically significant decline in fine stereopsis, coarse stereopsis, and dynamic stereopsis with increasing levels of anisometropia (P<0.001). Binocularity was affected when induced anisometropia was more than 1 D (P<0.05). Foveal suppression and peripheral suppression were evident and increased in proportion to anisometropia (P<0.001).

Conclusion: The relatively low degrees of anisometropia may have a potentially significant effect on high-grade binocular interaction. The mechanisms underlying the defect of binocularity seem to involve not only foveal suppression, but also peripheral suppression.

Keywords: anisometropia; binocularity; glasses-free 3D technique; stereopsis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The experimental settings
The participant is instructed to sit 80 cm away from the display, without any stereoscopic glasses.
Figure 2
Figure 2. The relation between anisometropia and average fine stereoacuity measured by the Titmus test.
Figure 3
Figure 3. The relation between anisometropia and average fine stereoacuity measured by glasses-free 3D technique.
Figure 4
Figure 4. The relation between anisometropia and coarse stereopsis measured by glasses-free 3D technique.
Figure 5
Figure 5. The relation between anisometropia and dynamic stereopsis measured by glasses-free 3D technique.
Figure 6
Figure 6. The relation between anisometropia and foveal suppression measured by glasses-free 3D technique.
Figure 7
Figure 7. The relation between anisometropia and peripheral suppression measured by glasses-free 3D technique.
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