Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023 Apr 3:14:1152470.
doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1152470. eCollection 2023.

Enhancing clinical potential of liquid biopsy through a multi-omic approach: A systematic review

Gianna Di Sario  1 , Valeria Rossella  1 , Elvira Smeralda Famulari  1 , Aurora Maurizio  1 , Dejan Lazarevic  1 , Francesca Giannese  1 , Claudia Felici  1
Affiliations
Review

Enhancing clinical potential of liquid biopsy through a multi-omic approach: A systematic review

Gianna Di Sario et al. Front Genet. .

Abstract

In the last years, liquid biopsy gained increasing clinical relevance for detecting and monitoring several cancer types, being minimally invasive, highly informative and replicable over time. This revolutionary approach can be complementary and may, in the future, replace tissue biopsy, which is still considered the gold standard for cancer diagnosis. "Classical" tissue biopsy is invasive, often cannot provide sufficient bioptic material for advanced screening, and can provide isolated information about disease evolution and heterogeneity. Recent literature highlighted how liquid biopsy is informative of proteomic, genomic, epigenetic, and metabolic alterations. These biomarkers can be detected and investigated using single-omic and, recently, in combination through multi-omic approaches. This review will provide an overview of the most suitable techniques to thoroughly characterize tumor biomarkers and their potential clinical applications, highlighting the importance of an integrated multi-omic, multi-analyte approach. Personalized medical investigations will soon allow patients to receive predictable prognostic evaluations, early disease diagnosis, and subsequent ad hoc treatments.

Keywords: circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA); circulating tumor cell (CTC); exosome; liquid biopsy; miRNA; multi-omics; personalized medicine; tumor biomarker.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Clinical applications of liquid biopsies. Biomarkers released by primary tumors and metastasis can be detected in liquid biopsies and analyzed to guide prognosis, diagnosis, and treatments in oncologic patients.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Integrated multi-omic approach in liquid biopsy. An integrated multi-omic approach is going to be used investigating single or multiple analytes from different fluids of the same patient. Artificial intelligence will be educated using the enormous amount of information that has been created. From the resulting predictive models can be originated personalized medical decisions (NAF, Nipple Aspirate Fluid; CSF,Cerebrospinal Fluid; SEMN, Seminal Fluid; CNV, Copy Number Variations; SNPs, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Abdulla A., Zhang T., Li S., Guo W., Warden A. R., Xin Y., et al. (2022). Integrated microfluidic single-cell immunoblotting chip enables high-throughput isolation, enrichment and direct protein analysis of circulating tumor cells. Microsyst. Nanoeng. 8, 13. 10.1038/s41378-021-00342-2 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Adalsteinsson V. A., Ha G., Freeman S. S., Choudhury A. D., Stover D. G., Parsons H. A., et al. (2017). Scalable whole-exome sequencing of cell-free DNA reveals high concordance with metastatic tumors. Nat. Commun. 8 (1), 1324. 10.1038/s41467-017-00965-y - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Agelaki S., Papadaki M. A., Tsoulfas P. G., Aggouraki D., Monastirioti A. A., Merodoulaki K. A., et al. (2019). Role of the expression of PD-L1 and CD47 on circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the prediction of outcome in metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients. JCO 37 (15), e14045. 10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e14045 - DOI
    1. Alexandrov L. B., Jones P. H., Wedge D. C., Sale J. E., Campbell P. J., Nik-Zainal S., et al. (2015). Clock-like mutational processes in human somatic cells. Nat. Genet. 47 (12), 1402–1407. 10.1038/ng.3441 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Anfossi S., Babayan A., Pantel K., Calin G. A. (2018). Clinical utility of circulating non-coding RNAs - an update. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 15 (9), 541–563. 10.1038/s41571-018-0035-x - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources