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. 2023 Apr 21;13(1):6589.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-33672-4.

Influenza season influence on outcome of new nodules in the NELSON study

H L Lancaster  1 , M A Heuvelmans  1 , G H de Bock  1 , Y Du  1 , F A A Mohamed Hoesein  2 , K Nackaerts  3 , J E Walter  4 , R Vliegenthart  5 , M Oudkerk  6
Affiliations

Influenza season influence on outcome of new nodules in the NELSON study

H L Lancaster et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

We evaluated the impact of the influenza season on outcome of new lung nodules in a LDCT lung cancer screening trial population. NELSON-trial participants with ≥ 1 new nodule detected in screening rounds two and three were included. Outcome (resolution or persistence) of new nodules detected per season was calculated and compared. Winter (influenza season) was defined as 1st October to 31st March, and compared to the summer (hay-fever season), 1st April to 30th September. Overall, 820 new nodules were reported in 529 participants. Of the total new nodules, 482 (59%) were reported during winter. When considering the outcome of all new nodules, there was no statistically significant association between summer and resolving nodules (OR 1.07 [CI 1.00-1.15], p = 0.066), also when looking at the largest nodule per participant (OR 1.37 [CI 0.95-1.98], p = 0.094). Similarly, there was no statistically significant association between season and screen detected cancers (OR 0.47 [CI 0.18-1.23], p = 0.123). To conclude, in this lung cancer screening population, there was no statistically significant association between influenza season and outcome of new lung nodules. Hence, we recommend new nodule management strategy is not influenced by the season in which the nodule is detected.

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Conflict of interest statement

R. Vliegenthart is supported by an institutional research grant from Siemens Healthineers. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Overview of new resolving and persisting (sub)solid lung nodules included in this sub-study of the NELSON trial. *a nodule had no follow up scan when a participant was referred immediately to a pulmonologist for further diagnostics, or the participant did not require an additional CT scan according to protocol.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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