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Review
. 2023 Dec:141:103034.
doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103034. Epub 2023 Apr 20.

The role of faecal microbiota transplantation in chronic noncommunicable disorders

Benjamin H Mullish  1 , Ege Tohumcu  2 , Serena Porcari  2 , Marcello Fiorani  2 , Natalia Di Tommaso  2 , Antonio Gasbarrini  2 , Giovanni Cammarota  2 , Francesca Romana Ponziani  2 , Gianluca Ianiro  3
Affiliations
Free article
Review

The role of faecal microbiota transplantation in chronic noncommunicable disorders

Benjamin H Mullish et al. J Autoimmun. 2023 Dec.
Free article

Abstract

The gut microbiome plays a key role in influencing several pathways and functions involved in human health, including metabolism, protection against infection, and immune regulation. Perturbation of the gut microbiome is recognised as a pathogenic factor in several gastrointestinal and extraintestinal disorders, and is increasingly considered as a therapeutic target in these conditions. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the transfer of the microbiota from healthy screened stool donors into the gut of affected patients, and is a well-established and highly effective treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Despite the mechanisms of efficacy of FMT not being fully understood, it has been investigated in several chronic noncommunicable disorders, with variable results. This review aims to give an overview of mechanisms of efficacy of FMT in chronic noncommunicable disorders, and to paint the current landscape of its investigation in these medical conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic liver disorders, and also extraintestinal autoimmune conditions.

Keywords: Autoimmune disorders; Chronic disorders; Faecal microbiota transplant; Gut microbiome; Host-microbiome interactions; Inflammatory bowel disease; Liver disease; Noncommunicable disorders.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest B·H.M. reports consultancy fees from Finch Therapeutics Group, Ferring Pharmaceuticals, and Summit Therapeutics, outside of the submitted work. A.G. reports personal fees for consultancy from Eisai Srl, 3PSolutions, Real Time Meeting, Fondazione Istituto Danone, SinergieSrl, Board MRGE and Sanofi SpA personal fees for acting as a speaker for Takeda SpA, AbbVie and Sandoz SpA and personal fees for acting on advisory boards for VSL3 and Eisai. G.C. has received personal fees for acting as advisor for Ferring Therapeutics. G.I. has received personal fees for acting as speaker for Biocodex, Danone, Sofar, Malesci, Metagenics and Tillotts Pharma, and for acting as consultant and/or advisor for Ferring Therapeutics, Giuliani, Malesci and Tillotts Pharma. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

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