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Meta-Analysis
. 2023 Mar;120(4):e20220398.
doi: 10.36660/abc.20220398.

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Central Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Gustavo Henrique de Oliveira  1   2 , Rogério Toshiro Passos Okawa  2   3 , Caroline Ferraz Simões  1   2 , João Carlos Locatelli  4 , Victor Hugo de Souza Mendes  1   2 , Higor Barbosa Reck  1   2 , Wendell Arthur Lopes  1   2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Central Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Gustavo Henrique de Oliveira et al. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2023 Mar.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Central blood pressure (cBP) is considered an independent predictor of organ damage, cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Evidence has shown that high intensity interval training (HIIT) is superior to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and vascular function. However, the effects of these aerobic training modalities on cBP have not yet been properly reviewed.This meta-analysis aims to investigate to effects of HIIT versus MICT on cBP.We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compared HIIT versus MICT on cBP. Primary outcomes were measures of central systolic blood pressure (cSBP) and central diastolic blood pressure (cDBP). Peripheral systolic blood pressure (pSBP) and diastolic blood pressure (pDBP), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were analyzed as second outcomes. Meta-analysis of mean differences (MD) was conducted using the random effects model.Our study included 163 patients enrolled in six trials. We found that HIIT was superior to MICT in reducing the cSBP (MD = -3.12 mmHg, 95% CI: -4.75 to -1.50, p = 0.0002) and SBP (MD = -2.67 mmHg, 95% CI: -5.18 to -0.16, p = 0.04), and increasing VO2max(MD = 2.49 mL/kg/min, 95% CI: 1.25 to 3.73, p = 0.001). However, no significant differences were reported for cDBP, DBP and PWV.HIIT was superior to MICT in reducing the cSBP, which suggests its potential role as a non-pharmacological therapy for high blood pressure.

A pressão arterial central (PAc) é considerada um preditor independente de lesão de órgão, eventos cardiovasculares e mortalidade por todas as causas. Evidências mostram que o treino intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) é superior ao treino contínuo de intensidade moderada (MICT) na melhoria da aptidão cardiorrespiratória e da função vascular. No entanto, os efeitos dessas modalidades de treino aeróbico sobre a PAc não foram propriamente revisados. Esta metanálise tem como objetivo investigar os efeitos do HIIT versus MICT sobre a PAc.Conduzimos uma metanálise de ensaios controlados randomizados que compararam HIIT versus MICT sobre a PAc. Os desfechos primários foram Pressão Arterial Sistólica (PAS) central (PASc) e Pressão Arterial Diastólica central (PADc). A PAS periférica (PASp), a PAD periférica (PADp), a Velocidade de Onda de Pulso (VOP) e a captação máxima de oxigênio (VO2max) foram analisadas como desfechos secundários. A metanálise das diferenças médias (DM) foi conduzida usando modelos de efeitos aleatórios.Nosso estudo incluiu 163 pacientes recrutados em seis ensaios. Encontramos que HIIT foi superior ao MICT em reduzir PASc (DM = -3,12 mmHg, IC95% -4,75 – 1,50, p = 0,0002) e PAS (DM = -2,67 mmHg, IC95% -5,18 – -0,16, p = 0,04) e aumentar VO2max (DM = 2,49 mL/Kg/min, IC95% 1,25 – 3,73, p = 0,001). No entanto, não foram relatadas diferenças quanto à PADc, PAD ou VOP. O HIIT foi superior ao MICT em reduzir PASc, sugerindo seu potencial papel como uma terapia não farmacológica para a pressão arterial elevada.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potencial conflito de interesse

Não há conflito com o presente artigo

Figures

Figura Central
Figura Central. : Efeitos do Treinamento Intervalado de Alta Intensidade sobre a Pressão Arterial Central: Uma Revisão Sistemática e Metanálise
Figura 1
Figura 1. – Fluxograma PRISMA da seleção dos estudos para a revisão sistemática e metanálise.
Figura 2
Figura 2. – Avaliação do risco de viés usando a ferramenta de avaliação de Cochrane.
Figura 3
Figura 3. – Forest plot das comparações entre grupos dos efeitos do treino intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) versus treino contínuo de intensidade moderada (MICT) sobre a pressão arterial sistólica central; (a) pós-HIIT versus pré-HIIT; (b) pós-MCIT versus pré-MICT; e (c) HIIT versus MICT
Figura 4
Figura 4. – Forest plot das comparações entre grupos dos efeitos do treino intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) versus treino contínuo de intensidade moderada (MICT) sobre a pressão arterial diastólica central; (a) pós-HIIT versus pré-HIIT; (b) pós-MCIT versus pré-MICT; e (c) HIIT versus MICT
Figure 1
Figure 1. – PRISMA flowchart for study selection for the systematic review and meta-analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2. – Cochrane risk of bias assessment from the included studies.
Figure 3
Figure 3. – Forest plot of the between-group comparison of the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on central systolic blood pressure: (a) HIIT pos versus pre; (b) MCIT pos versus pre; and (c) HIIT versus MICT.
Figure 4
Figure 4. – Forest plot of the between-group comparison of the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on central diastolic blood pressure: (a) HIIT post versus pre; (b) MICT post versus pre; and (c) HIIT versus MICT.
Central Illustration
Central Illustration. : Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Central Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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