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Review
. 2023 Apr 14;20(1):e20220111.
doi: 10.1590/1984-3143-AR-2022-011. eCollection 2023.

Recent advances in treatments for resynchronization of ovulation in small ruminants: a review

Isabel Oliveira Cosentino  1 , Mário Felipe Alvarez Balaro  1 , Alejo Menchaca  2   3 , Raquel Perez-Clariget  4 , Rodolfo Ungerfeld  5 , Felipe Zandonadi Brandão  1
Affiliations
Review

Recent advances in treatments for resynchronization of ovulation in small ruminants: a review

Isabel Oliveira Cosentino et al. Anim Reprod. .

Abstract

Hormonal methodologies to control small ruminants' estrous cycle are worldwide used and evolved, adjusting the application to the precise female physiological moments to enhance reproductive performance. The estrous cycle can be induced and/or synchronized, aiming for fixed-time artificial insemination, or based on estrus behavior signs for insemination, natural or guided mating. Successive protocols can be performed to resynchronize ovulation and increase reproductive outcomes in females that failed to conceive. These recently developed treatments aim to resynchronize the ovulation as earlier as non-pregnancy is detected. The present review aimed to summarize the recent advances and main findings regarding resynchronization protocols used in small ruminants. Lastly, we present future perspectives and new paths to be studied in the subject. The resynchronization treatment is still a growing field in small ruminant reproduction, nevertheless, some enhancements are found in the reproductive outcome, showing that such protocols can be successfully used in sheep and goat production.

Keywords: does; estrous induction; estrous synchronization; ewes; hormonal protocols.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. A) Resynchronization protocol for ewes adapted from Cosentino et al. (2019); B) Resynchronization protocol for does adapted from Cosentino et al. (2022). D – Day; eCG – equine Chorionic Gonadotrophin; GnRH – Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone; P4 – progestogen device; AI – artificial insemination; NM – natural mating; ENPD – early non-pregnancy diagnosis (luteal evaluation); PD – pregnancy diagnosis (uterine/fetal evaluation).
Figure 2
Figure 2. A) 75 days traditional breeding season calendar. B) Proposed successive resynchronizations for ewes. C) Proposed successive resynchronizations for goats. D – Day; AI – artificial insemination; ENPD – early non-pregnancy diagnosis (luteal evaluation); PD – pregnancy diagnosis (uterine/fetal evaluation).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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