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Review
. 2023 Apr 17:2023:5097490.
doi: 10.1155/2023/5097490. eCollection 2023.

The Correlation between Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Hyperuricemia and Gout: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zihao Jiang  1 , Jieyu Chen  1 , Yanting You  1 , Shuai Ji  1 , Liqian Chen  1 , Qiuxing He  1 , Yanyan Liu  1 , Xiaomin Sun  1 , Lin Zhou  2 , Xiaoshan Zhao  1
Affiliations
Review

The Correlation between Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Hyperuricemia and Gout: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Zihao Jiang et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. .

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the constitution of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout.

Method: Databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), China Biology Medicine Disc (CBMdisc), PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Excerpta Medical Database (Embase) were searched to collect observational studies about TCM constitution in HUA and gout from inception to November 21, 2021. The distribution of TCM constitution types in HUA and gout patients was presented by proportion, while the correlation was presented by odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. Meta-analysis was performed using StataCorp Stata (STATA) version 16.0 software.

Results: Twenty-one cross-sectional studies and 10 case-control studies involving 38028 samples were included, among which 27526 patients were diagnosed with HUA and 2048 patients with gout. Phlegm-dampness constitution (PDC), damp-heat constitution (DHC), and qi-deficiency constitution (QDC) are the most common types, accounting for 24% (20%-27%), 22% (16%-27%), and 15% (12%-18%), respectively, in HUA patients, while DHC, PDC, and blood stasis constitution (BSC) accounted for 28% (18%-39%), 23% (17%-29%), and 11% (8%-15%), respectively, in gout patients. PDC and DHC were the main constitution types in patients with HUA or gout in south China, east China, north China, southwest China, northwest China, and northeast China. There was no difference in the distribution of PDC and QDC in male or female patients with HUA, while males with DHC in HUA were more common than females. The proportion of PDC or DHC among HUA patients was 1.93 times and 2.14 times higher than that in the general population (OR and 95% CI: 1.93 (1.27, 2.93), 2.14 (1.47, 3.13)), while the proportions of PDC, DHC, and BSC were 3.59 times, 4.85 times, and 4.35 times higher than that of the general groups (OR and 95% CI: 3.59 (1.65, 7.80), 4.85 (1.62, 14.57), and 4.35(2.33, 8.11)).

Conclusion: PDC, DHC, and QDC are the main constitution types of patients with HUA, while PDC and QDC may be the risk factors for HUA. DHC, PDC, and BSC are the main constitution types of patients with gout, and they may be the risk factors for gout. In clinical and scientific research, more attention should be paid to the relationship between the above-mentioned TCM constitution in HUA or gout. Nevertheless, because the quality of the included observational studies is low, more prospective cohort studies related to TCM constitution and HUA or gout can be carried out to verify the causality between TCM constitution and HUA or gout.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to the publication of this paper and have signed their consent for publishing the article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The flow chart of study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Proportions of PDC in target populations. (a) The proportion of PDC in the population with HUA. (b) The proportion of DHC in the population with gout.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Proportions of DHC in target populations. (a) The proportion of DHC in the population with HUA. (b) The proportion of DHC in the population with gout.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funnel plots of proportions of the PDC and DHC in target populations. (a) The funnel plot of the proportion of PDC in the population with HUA. (b) The funnel plot of the proportion of DHC in the population with HUA.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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