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Review
. 2023 Apr 10;14(4):210.
doi: 10.3390/jfb14040210.

Current Status of Peri-Implant Diseases: A Clinical Review for Evidence-Based Decision Making

Antonio Scarano  1 , Ahmad G A Khater  2 , Sergio Alexandre Gehrke  3   4 , Paola Serra  1 , Inchingolo Francesco  5 , Mariastella Di Carmine  1 , Sergio Rexhep Tari  1 , Lucia Leo  1 , Felice Lorusso  1
Affiliations
Review

Current Status of Peri-Implant Diseases: A Clinical Review for Evidence-Based Decision Making

Antonio Scarano et al. J Funct Biomater. .

Abstract

Background: the prevalence of peri-implant diseases is constantly growing, particularly with the increasing use of dental implants. As such, achieving healthy peri-implant tissues has become a key challenge in implant dentistry since it considers the optimal success paradigm. This narrative review aims to highlight the current concepts regarding the disease and summarize the available evidence on treatment approaches clarifying their indications for usage following the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases (2017).

Methods: we reviewed the recent literature and conducted a narrative synthesis of the available evidence on peri-implant diseases.

Results: scientific evidence on case definitions, epidemiology, risk factors, microbiological profile, prevention, and treatment approaches for peri-implant diseases were summarized and reported.

Conclusions: although there are numerous protocols for managing peri-implant diseases, they are diverse and nonstandardized, with no consensus on the most effective, leading to treatment confusion.

Keywords: dental implant; evidence-based practice; mucositis; peri-implant disease; peri-implant health; peri-implantitis; periodontal disease; review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Graphical abstract illustrating the clinical characteristics of peri-implant health and diseases and current evidence-based approaches for managing peri-implant diseases. This figure was created using Biorender.com (https://app.biorender.com).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Peri-implant mucositis; there is gingival inflammation around the implant unit.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Peri-implant mucositis; inflammatory tissues induced by abutment loosening.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Peri-implantitis; (A) Clinical signs. (B) Probing depth. (C) Peri-implant inflammatory tissue.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Clinical aspect of implant removed for peri-implantitis.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Schematic illustration of the inflammatory response to titanium ions release, inducing osteolysis. This figure was created using Biorender.com.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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