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. 2023 Apr 15;12(8):1656.
doi: 10.3390/foods12081656.

Comparative Responses of Silicon to Reduce Cadmium and Enrich Selenium in Rice Varieties

Yang Su  1 , Xin Huang  1 , Ling Li  1 , Zahir Ahsan Muhammad  1 , Meilin Li  1 , Tengda Zheng  1 , Zhe Guo  1 , Yue Zhang  1 , Dan Luo  1 , Xiaoying Ye  1 , Xiaomei Jia  1 , Faiz Hussain Panhwar  1 , Myo Thuzar Tun  1 , Jianqing Zhu  1   2
Affiliations

Comparative Responses of Silicon to Reduce Cadmium and Enrich Selenium in Rice Varieties

Yang Su et al. Foods. .

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic heavy metal for crops in China, poses a significant threat to rice cultivation. It is crucial to identify the genotypes with robust resistance to heavy metals, including Cd, in rice. The experiment was conducted to examine the mitigation effect of silicon (Si) on Cd toxicity levels in Se-enriched Z3055B and non-Se-enriched G46B rice genotypes. A basal dose of Si improved the growth and the quality of rice significantly by reducing the Cd content in rice roots, stems, leaves and grains and increased the yield, biomass and selenium (Se) content of brown rice in both genotypes. Additionally, Se content in brown rice and polished rice was notably higher in Se-enriched rice than in non-Se-enriched rice, with the highest amount at 0.129 mg/kg and 0.085 mg/kg, respectively. The results demonstrated that a basal fertilizer concentration of 30 mg/kg of Si was more effective in reducing Cd transport from roots to shoots in Se-enriched rice than in non-Se-enriched rice genotypes. Therefore, it can be concluded that Se-enriched rice genotypes are a viable option for food crop production in Cd-contaminated areas.

Keywords: Se-enriched rice; bio-fortification; cadmium pollution; silicon fertilizer; translocation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Agronomic traits and non-protein thiol content (NPT) of roots, stem and leaves of two different genotypes of rice. (A) Plant height of non-Se-enriched rice G46B and Se-enriched rice Z3055B. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 12 samples. (B) Effective number of panicles of non-Se-enriched rice G46B and Se-enriched rice Z3055B. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 12 samples. (C) 1000-grain weight of non-Se-enriched rice G46B and Se-enriched rice Z3055B. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 6 samples. (D–F) NPT content in roots, stem and leaves of non-Se-enriched rice G46B and Se-enriched rice Z3055B, respectively. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 3 samples. Lowercase letters indicate significant differences in non-Se-enriched rice G46B (p < 0.05); Capital letters indicate significant differences in Se-enriched rice Z3055B (p < 0.05).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cadmium content in various parts of soil and two different genotypes of rice. (A–G) Cadmium content in roots, stem, leaves, husk, brown rice, polished rice and soil of non-Se-enriched rice G46B and Se-enriched rice Z3055B, respectively. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 3 samples. Lowercase letters indicate significant differences in non-Se-enriched rice G46B (p < 0.05); Capital letters indicate significant differences in Se-enriched rice Z3055B (p < 0.05).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Selenium content in various parts of two different genotypes of rice under different levels of Si fertilizer. (A–G) Selenium content in roots, stem, leaves, husks, brown rice, polished rice and soil of non-Se-enriched rice G46B and Se-enriched rice Z3055B, respectively. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 3 samples. Lowercase letters indicate significant differences in non-Se-enriched rice G46B (p < 0.05); Capital letters indicate significant differences in Se-enriched rice Z3055B (p < 0.05).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Inorganic selenium and organic selenium content in brown and polished rice of non-Se-enriched rice G46B and Se-enriched rice Z3055B. (A) Inorganic Se and organic Se content in brown rice of non-Se-enriched rice G46B. (B) Inorganic Se and organic Se content in brown rice of Se-enriched rice Z3055B. (C) Inorganic Se and organic Se content in polished rice of non-Se-enriched rice G46B. (D) Inorganic Se and organic Se content in polished rice of Se-enriched rice Z3055B. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 3 samples.
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