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. 2023 Apr 5;14(4):871.
doi: 10.3390/genes14040871.

The Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Expression Patterns of Rosmarinic Acid Biosynthesis Genes, and Phenolic Compounds in Different Species of Salvia subg. Perovskia Kar L

Farzad Kianersi  1 , Davood Amin Azarm  2 , Farzaneh Fatemi  3 , Bita Jamshidi  4 , Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh  5 , Tibor Janda  6
Affiliations

The Influence of Methyl Jasmonate on Expression Patterns of Rosmarinic Acid Biosynthesis Genes, and Phenolic Compounds in Different Species of Salvia subg. Perovskia Kar L

Farzad Kianersi et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

Salvia yangii B.T. Drew and Salvia abrotanoides Kar are two important fragrant and medicinal plants that belong to the subgenus Perovskia. These plants have therapeutic benefits due to their high rosmarinic acid (RA) content. However, the molecular mechanisms behind RA generation in two species of Salvia plants are still poorly understood. As a first report, the objectives of the present research were to determine the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the rosmarinic acid (RA), total flavonoid and phenolic contents (TFC and TPC), and changes in the expression of key genes involved in their biosynthesis (phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), and rosmarinic acid synthase (RAS)). The results of High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that MeJA significantly increased RA content in S. yungii and S. abrotanoides species (to 82 and 67 mg/g DW, respectively) by 1.66- and 1.54-fold compared with untreated plants. After 24 h, leaves of Salvia yangii and Salvia abrotanoides species treated with 150 M MeJA had the greatest TPC and TFC (80 and 42 mg TAE/g DW, and 28.11 and 15.14 mg QUE/g DW, respectively), which was in line with the patterns of gene expression investigated. Our findings showed that MeJA dosages considerably enhanced the RA, TPC, and TFC contents in both species compared with the control treatment. Since increased numbers of transcripts for PAL, 4CL, and RAS were also detected, the effects of MeJA are probably caused by the activation of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway.

Keywords: Salvia; methyl jasmonate; total flavonoid content; total phenolic; transcriptome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid. The enzyme genes for phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), and rosmarinic acid synthase (RAS), among others, are marked with an asterisk.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Concentration of rosmarinic acid in two species of Salvia (subgenus Perovskia Kar). Duncan’s test claims that bars labeled differently reflect statistical significance at the 1% level. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the data. Means followed by the same letters in each column are not significantly different (p < 0.01).
Figure 3
Figure 3
The effects of MeJA on TPC (A) and TFC (B) in two species of the genus Salvia, subgenus Perovskia Kar. Means and standard deviations (n = 3) are shown for the data. Duncan’s test claims that if there are different letters in each column, then it is statistically significant at the 1% level. Error bars depict the standard error values. Means followed by the same letters in each column are not significantly different (p < 0.01).
Figure 4
Figure 4
The relative expression of PAL (A), 4CL (B), and RAS (C) genes in the control and MeJA-treated Salvia plants (fold-changed). Duncan’s test indicates a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.01) difference between bars labeled with different letters. Error bars depict the standard error values. Means followed by the same letters in each column are not significantly different (p < 0.01).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Quantitative analysis of total phenolic (A) and flavonoid content using a standard curve (B).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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