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. 2023 May 22;41(22):3403-3409.
doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.034. Epub 2023 Apr 24.

Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers

Clare Nugent  1 , Yasin Abul  2 , Elizabeth M White  3 , Fadi Shehadeh  4 , Matthew Kaczynski  4 , Lewis Oscar Felix  4 , Narchonai Ganesan  4 , Oladayo A Oyebanji  5 , Igor Vishnepolskiy  6 , Elise M Didion  7 , Alexandra Paxitzis  5 , Maegan L Sheehan  8 , Philip A Chan  9 , Walther M Pfeifer  10 , Evan Dickerson  6 , Shreya Kamojjala  1 , Brigid M Wilson  11 , Eleftherios Mylonakis  4 , Christopher L King  5 , Alejandro B Balazs  8 , David H Canaday  12 , Stefan Gravenstein  13
Affiliations

Second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster restores Omicron-specific neutralizing activity in both nursing home residents and health care workers

Clare Nugent et al. Vaccine. .

Abstract

We examined whether the second monovalent SARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster increased antibody levels and their neutralizing activity to Omicron variants in nursing home residents (NH) residents and healthcare workers (HCW). We sampled 376 NH residents and 63 HCW after primary mRNA vaccination, first and second boosters, for antibody response and pseudovirus neutralization assay against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) (Wuhan-Hu-1) strain, Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants. Antibody levels and neutralizing activity progressively increased with each booster but subsequently waned over 3-6 months. NH residents, both those without and with prior infection, had a robust geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of 8.1 (95% CI 4.4, 14.8) and 7.8 (95% CI 4.8, 12.9) respectively in Omicron-BA.1 subvariant specific neutralizing antibody levels following the second booster vaccination (p < 0.001). These results support the ongoing efforts to ensure that both NH residents and HCW are up-to-date on recommended SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster doses.

Keywords: Antibody response; COVID-19; Nursing homes; Omicron; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccines.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: S. G. and D. H. C. are recipients of investigator-initiated grants to their universities from Pfizer to study pneumococcal vaccines and Sanofi Pasteur and Seqirus to study influenza vaccines, and S.G. from Genentech on influenza antivirals. S. G. also does consulting for Seqirus, Sanofi, Merck, Vaxart, Novavax, Moderna and Janssen; has served on the speaker’s bureaus for Seqirus and Sanofi; and reports personal fees from Pfizer and data and safety monitoring board (DSMB) fees from Longevoron and SciClone.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Neutralization titers (Panel A1:Wuhan; A2: Omicron BA.1) and anti-spike levels (Panel B1:Wuhan; B2:Omicron BA.1) over time pre and post-boost with mRNA vaccination in healthcare workers (HCWs) and nursing home(NH) residents, with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The rise and waning in pseudovirus neutralization(pNT50) antibody titers against Omicron BA.5 strain in naïve NH residents and NH residents with prior infection after 1st and 2nd boosters.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Update of

References

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