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. 2023 Apr 11:31:100368.
doi: 10.1016/j.jctube.2023.100368. eCollection 2023 May.

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of unsuccessful treatment outcomes among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: A prospective health facility-based study

Hawult T Adane  1 , Rawleigh C Howe  1 , Liya Wassie  1 , Matthew J Magee  2   3
Affiliations

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of unsuccessful treatment outcomes among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: A prospective health facility-based study

Hawult T Adane et al. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. .

Abstract

Background: The impact of diabetes mellitus on tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes has not been well investigated in most sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. The current study aimed to determine the association between diabetes mellitus and unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes among drug-susceptible TB patients treated at selected health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: This health facility-based prospective cohort study was conducted at six randomly selected public health centers in Addis Ababa, from August 2020 until November 2021. Clinically diagnosed adult pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB patients were recruited at the time of treatment initiation. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between diabetes and unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes.

Results: Among the total 267 enrolled participants, 9.7% of patients with TB were identified to have diabetes comorbidity. Of patients with diabetes and TB, 9 (34.6%) were newly diagnosed based on glucose test results. Despite an overall high TB treatment success rate (94.0%), more than one-fourth (26.9%) of patients with diabetes had a poor TB treatment outcome (26.9%), which was remarkably higher compared to patients without diabetes (3.7%). In multivariable regression, the adjusted odds of poor TB treatment outcome among those with diabetes was 14.8 (95% CI 3.5 - 62.7) times the odds of poor outcome patients without diabetes.

Conclusion: Diabetes was significantly associated with increased odds of poor TB treatment outcomes among patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Treatment outcomes; Tuberculosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart shows study progress and TB treatment outcome among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients treated at selected health facilities in Addis Ababa; Ethiopia.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Summary score of fasting blood glucose measured during TB treatment among patients with diabetes mellitus, which classified based on TB treatment outcome.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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