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. 2023 Mar;12(3):484-492.
doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1544_22. Epub 2023 Mar 17.

Assessment of sanitation and drinking water facilities among slum households in Bhubaneswar, Odisha - A cross-sectional study

Alice Alice  1 , Deepanjali Behera  2 , Manas Ranjan Behera  2 , Shantanu Kumar Patra  3 , Jayanti Mishra  4
Affiliations

Assessment of sanitation and drinking water facilities among slum households in Bhubaneswar, Odisha - A cross-sectional study

Alice Alice et al. J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

Aim: The study aims to assess the practice of using unsafe drinking water and sanitary practices among the population dwelling in slum settings of Bhubaneswar city, Odisha, India.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 288 households in the Bhubaneswar slums of Chandrasekharpur, Neeladri Vihar, and Trinatha basti. A questionnaire was administered face to face. Descriptive statistics were used to define the participants' sociodemographic characteristics, household information, drinking water, latrine characteristics, and waste disposal.

Results: The majority (59.7%) resided in kutcha households in notified slum areas, and 89.6% were reportedly illiterate. About 92.7% resided in a deplorable condition, relying on piped water (79.5%) from the community sources and 20.5% used it for drinking and household purposes. Around 83% of the respondents stated they did not treat water before consumption. Bathroom facilities were found to be inadequate, and 74.3% used pit latrines. The majority of household wastes (83%) were managed by directly letting them to the drainage system untreated. As a consequence, 91% reported breeding of flies and mosquitoes near their household premises and 70.5% stated having fever in the past 6 months.

Conclusion: Despite the government's initiatives to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) strategies, an extensive gap in practice was observed. As a result, Bhubaneswar municipality must strictly enforce policy and regulatory guidelines concerning WASH to improve the sanitation practices, particularly in the areas of drinking water and household waste management.

Keywords: Drinking water; India; WASH practices; household waste management; sanitation; urban slums.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Principal source of drinking water
Figure 2
Figure 2
Treatment method of water
Figure 3
Figure 3
Method of fetching water for drinking
Figure 4
Figure 4
Bathroom facility in the household
Figure 5
Figure 5
Access to toilet among households
Figure 6
Figure 6
Facility used to dispose under-five fecal waste
Figure 7
Figure 7
Household latrine use
Figure 8
Figure 8
Illness suffered by households in the past 1 month
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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