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Review
. 2023 Apr 28:20:100470.
doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100470. eCollection 2023 Apr.

The 2022 South America report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: trust the science. Now that we know, we must act

Stella M Hartinger  1 , Marisol Yglesias-González  1 , Luciana Blanco-Villafuerte  1 , Yasna K Palmeiro-Silva  2   3 , Andres G Lescano  1 , Anna Stewart-Ibarra  4 , David Rojas-Rueda  5 , Oscar Melo  6 , Bruno Takahashi  7 , Daniel Buss  8 , Max Callaghan  9 , Francisco Chesini  10 , Elaine C Flores  1   11 , Carolina Gil Posse  12 , Nelson Gouveia  13 , Slava Jankin  14 , Zaray Miranda-Chacon  15 , Nahid Mohajeri  3 , Juliana Helo  16 , Laura Ortiz  16 , Chrissie Pantoja  17   18 , Maria Fernanda Salas  15 , Raquel Santiago  13   19 , Milena Sergeeva  20 , Tatiana Souza de Camargo  21 , Armando Valdés-Velásquez  1 , Maria Walawender  3 , Marina Romanello  3
Affiliations
Review

The 2022 South America report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: trust the science. Now that we know, we must act

Stella M Hartinger et al. Lancet Reg Health Am. .
No abstract available

Keywords: Climate change; Health; Lancet Countdown; South America region.

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Conflict of interest statement

MYG, LBV, MW and MR were supported by the 10.13039/100010269Wellcome Trust (209734/Z/17/Z), NM was supported by the Wellcome Trust’s Complex Urban Systems for Sustainability and Health (CUSSH) project (209387/Z/17/Z) and MFS by the Brandt Endowment in Environmental Communication at 10.13039/100007709Michigan State University during the conduct of the study. AGL is sponsored by Emerge, the Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Research Training grant D43 TW007393 awarded by the 10.13039/100000061Fogarty International Center of the US National Institutes of Health. DB is a staff member of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). The author alone is responsible for the views expressed in this publication, and they do not necessarily represent the decisions or policies of PAHO. FC is a technical assessor of the Ministry of Health of Argentina, and he alone is responsible for the views expressed in this publication, and they do not necessarily represent the decisions or policies of the Ministry of Health. All other authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Total exposure to change in the number of heatwave days relative to the 10-year average 1986–2005 baseline of (A) People younger than 1 year old and (B) people older than 65 years old. The dotted line represents no change.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Estimated R0 for dengue (Ae. aegypti) by country in SA, from 1951 to 2021. Vertical lines in dashed light blue represent La Niña years and solid red lines represent El Niño years. The blue line represents a smooth local regression over time.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Change in maize growth duration relative to the 1981–2010 average by country. The red line represents no change. The black line represents the annual area-weighted change in maize growth duration. The blue line represents a smoothing trend over time.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Percent change in urban levels of greenness in cities (left) and countries (right) in SA, 2010–2021.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Percentage of the (A) rural and (B) urban population with primary reliance on clean fuels for cooking, by country. Chile (green line) and Uruguay (yellow) have the same values.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Estimated weighted average of 24-h HAP-PM2.5 personal exposure due to polluting solid fuels and clean fuels for (A) urban and rural, and (B) national level. Also shown are the median, upper, and lower quartiles.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
The monetised value of heat-related mortality in SA from 2000 to 2021 (in average income equivalent).
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Potential income loss from heat-related labour capacity reduction in (A) SA countries, except Venezuela and (B) Venezuela as a percentage of their GDP.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Net economy-wide average carbon prices (real 2021 USD/tonne).
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Newspaper engagement measured by total coverage of climate change, and health and climate change co-coverage, in eight key newspapers from eight countries in SA (2007–2021).
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
The number of academic papers published on the nexus of climate and health in SA.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Romanello M., Di Napoli C., Drummond P., et al. The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels. Lancet. 2022;400:1619–1654. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Climate Watch . World Resources Institute; Washington, DC: 2021. Historical GHG emissions.https://www.climatewatchdata.org/ghg-emissions?end_year=2018&start_year=...
    1. Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change . IPCC; Central and South America: 2021. IPCC WGII sixth assessment report. Chapter 12.
    1. Watts N., Amann M., Arnell N., et al. The 2019 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate. Lancet. 2019;394:1836–1878. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Romanello M., McGushin A., Di Napoli C., et al. The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future. Lancet. 2021;398:1619–1662. - PMC - PubMed

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