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. 2023 Jun;35(6):1231-1239.
doi: 10.1007/s40520-023-02406-x. Epub 2023 May 4.

Early surgery? In-house mortality after proximal femoral fractures does not increase for surgery up to 48 h after admission

Annabel Fenwick  1 , Michael Pfann  2 , Iana Antonovska  2 , Jakob Mayr  3 , Leonhard Lisitano  2 , Stefan Nuber  2 , Stefan Förch  2 , Edgar Mayr  2
Affiliations

Early surgery? In-house mortality after proximal femoral fractures does not increase for surgery up to 48 h after admission

Annabel Fenwick et al. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2023 Jun.

Abstract

Purpose: The economic cost linked to the increasing number of proximal femur fracture and their postoperative care is immense. Mortality rates are high. As early surgery is propagated to lower mortality and reduce complication rates, a 24-h target for surgery is requested. It was our aim to determine the cut-off for the time to surgery from admission and therefore establish a threshold at which the in-house mortality rate changes.

Methods: A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted including 1796 patients with an average age of 82.03 years treated operatively for a proximal femoral fracture between January 2016 and June 2020. A single treatment protocol was performed based on the type of anticoagulant, surgery, and renal function. Patient data, surgical procedure, time to surgery, complications, and mortality were assessed.

Results: In-house mortality rate was 3.95%, and the overall complication rate was 22.7%. A prolonged length of hospital stay was linked to patient age and occurrence of complications. Mortality is influenced by age, number of comorbidities BMI, and postoperative complications of which the most relevant is pneumonia. The mean time to surgery for the entire cohort was 26.4 h. The investigation showed no significant difference in mortality rate among the two groups treated within 24 h and 24 to 48 h while comparing all patients treated within 48 h and after 48 h revealed a significant difference in mortality.

Conclusions: Age and number of comorbidities significantly influence mortality rates. Time to surgery is not the main factor influencing outcome after proximal femur fractures, and mortality rates do not differ for surgery up to 48 h after admission. Our data suggest that a 24-h target is not necessary, and the first 48 h may be used for optimizing preoperative patient status if necessary.

Keywords: Complications; Early surgery; Mortality rate; Proximal femur fracture.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors, their immediate families, and any research foundation with which they are affiliated with did not receive any financial payments or other benefits from any commercial entity related to the subject of this article.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distribution of ASA classification
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Distribution of mortality within age groups
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Fig. 3
Time to surgery according to age groups
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Fig. 4
Preoperative patient status (ASA classification) grouped by time to surgery
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Fig. 5
Mortality depending on time to surgery from admission
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Fig. 6
Survival rates (Kaplan–Meier)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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