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. 2023 May 6;23(1):277.
doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-03993-0.

Factors associated with weight loss by age among community-dwelling older people

Tomoko Yano  1 , Kayo Godai  1 , Mai Kabayama  1 , Hiroshi Akasaka  2 , Yasushi Takeya  1 , Koichi Yamamoto  2 , Saori Yasumoto  3 , Yukie Masui  4 , Yasumichi Arai  5 , Kazunori Ikebe  6 , Tatsuro Ishizaki  4 , Yasuyuki Gondo  3 , Hiromi Rakugi  2 , Kei Kamide  7
Affiliations

Factors associated with weight loss by age among community-dwelling older people

Tomoko Yano et al. BMC Geriatr. .

Abstract

Background: Factors associated with weight loss in community-dwelling older people have been reported in several studies, but few studies have examined factors associated with weight loss by age groups. The purpose of this study was to clarify factors associated with weight loss by age in community-dwelling older people through a longitudinal study.

Methods: Participants in the SONIC study (Longitudinal Epidemiological Study of the Elderly) were community-dwelling people aged 70 or older. The participants were divided into two groups: 5% weight loss and maintenance groups, and compared. In addition, we examined factors affecting weight loss by age. The analysis method used was the χ2 test, and the t-test was used for comparison of the two groups. Factors associated with 5% weight loss at 3 years were examined using logistic regression analysis with sex, age, married couple, cognitive function, grip strength, and the serum albumin level as explanatory variables.

Results: Of the 1157 subjects, the proportions showing 5% weight loss after 3 years among all subjects, those aged 70 years, 80 years, and 90 years, were 20.5, 13.8, 26.8, and 30.5%, respectively. In logistic regression analysis, factors associated with 5% weight loss at 3 years by age were influenced by BMI of 25 or higher (OR = 1.90, 95%CI = 1.08-3.34, p = 0.026), a married couple (OR = 0.49, 95% = 0.28-0.86, p = 0.013), serum albumin level below 3.8 g/dL (OR = 10.75, 95% = 1.90-60.73, p = 0.007) at age 70, and the grip strength at age 90 (OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 1.02-1.51, p = 0.034), respectively.

Conclusions: The results suggest that factors associated with weight loss by age in community-dwelling older people through a longitudinal study differ by age. In the future, this study will be useful to propose effective interventions to prevent factors associated with weight loss by age in community-dwelling older people.

Keywords: Age groups; Cohort study; Community-dwelling older people; Factors; Weight loss.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Participants included in the study. Abbreviations: BDHQ, Brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Percentage of 5% weight loss and weight maintenance after 3 years. P-values from Cochran-Armitage trend tests; *** P-values < . 0001
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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