[What is known about the diagnosis and treatment of herpes labialis?]

Abstract

Herpes labialis is one of the most common skin infections. In most people it is asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic, but very severe cases do occur. Herpes remains latent and can recur. Herpes labialis is a clinical diagnosis. If in doubt, additional testing can be carried out, usually polymerase chain reaction. There are no treatments that can eliminate the virus. In case of more severe symptoms and frequent recurrences, there may be an indication for treatment. In case of mild complaints, topical zinc sulphate/zinc oxide and analgesics (systemic or topical lidocaine) will suffice. More severe complaints and frequent recurrences can be treated with antiviral creams (Aciclovir) or with systemic antiviral medication (Valaciclovir). In frequent recurrences, prophylactic Valaciclovir can also be given for a period of many months. Treatment should be started as soon as possible and will slightly shorten the duration of the disease.