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. 2023 May 10;23(1):153.
doi: 10.1186/s12906-023-03968-z.

Bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects of Moquilea tomentosa Benth. flavonoid-rich leaf extract

Mariana Freire Campos  1 , Leopoldo Clemente Baratto  2 , Vinícius Mendes Vidal  3 , Ivana Ventura Nascimento  3 , Brendo Araujo Gomes  1 , Genes de Lima Martins Neto  1 , Priscilla Christina Olsen  3   4 , Rodrigo Ribeiro Tarjano Leo  1 , Lilian Oliveira Moreira  5   6   7
Affiliations

Bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects of Moquilea tomentosa Benth. flavonoid-rich leaf extract

Mariana Freire Campos et al. BMC Complement Med Ther. .

Abstract

Background: Natural products are an important source of bioproducts with pharmacological properties. Here we investigate the components of leaves from M. tomentosa Benth. (Fritsch) (Chrysobalanaceae) and its effects on bacterial cell growth, biofilm production and macrophage activity.

Methods: The effect of the different leaf extracts against bacterial cell growth was performed using the microdilution method. The most active extract was analyzed by mass spectrometry, and its effect on bacterial biofilm production was evaluated on polystyrene plates. The extract effect on macrophage activity was tested in the RAW264.7 cell line, which was stimulated with different concentrations of the extract in the presence or absence of LPS.

Results: We show that the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract was the most effective against bacterial cell growth. EtOAc extract DI-ESI (-)MSn analysis showed the presence of a glycosylated flavonoid tentatively assigned as myricetin 3-O-xylosyl-rhamnoside (MW 596). Also, the EtOAc extract increased biofilm formation by S. aureus and inhibited cytokine and NO production induced by LPS in RAW macrophages.

Conclusion: M. tomentosa flavonoid-enriched EtOAc extract presented a bactericidal and anti-inflammatory pharmacological potential.

Keywords: Antibacterial activity; Biofilm; Cytokines; Flavonoid-O-glycosides; Mass spectrometry; Natural products.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Effect of the ethyl acetate partition of M. tomentosa on the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. A S. aureus ATCC 29,213; B S. aureus ATCC 25,932. Tested concentrations from 7.8 to 1000 μg /mL. The values shown correspond to averages resulting from independent experiments repeated at least three times. * Significant difference (p-value < 0.05) when compared to the control (0)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effect of the ethyl acetate partition of M. tomentosa on RAW macrophages. A RAW cell viability by MTT; B NO, C IL-6 and D TNF-α production after 24 h incubation with the different conditions; UNS, unstimulated; EtOAc (1 h) + LPS, 250 μg/mL EtOH partition pre-treatment for 1 h, then media removal and LPS (1 μg/mL) added, for 18 h; EtOAc + LPS, 250 μg/mL EtOH partition plus LPS (1 μg/mL), for 18 h; EtOH, partition alone; LPS alone
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