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Meta-Analysis
. 2023 May 11;23(1):859.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15749-x.

Global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of alcohol related liver diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xuanxuan Niu  1 , Lin Zhu  1 , Yifan Xu  1 , Menghan Zhang  1 , Yanxu Hao  1 , Lei Ma  1 , Yan Li  1 , Huichun Xing  2   3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of alcohol related liver diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Xuanxuan Niu et al. BMC Public Health. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Alcohol related liver disease (ARLD) is one of the major chronic liver diseases worldwide. This review aimed to describe the global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of ARLD.

Methods: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched from inception to May 31, 2022. The language was restricted to English or Chinese. According to the criteria, articles describing the basic characteristics of the population were selected. Two reviewers extracted the data independently.

Results: A total of 372 studies were identified: 353 were used for prevalence analysis, 7 were used for incidence analysis, and 114 were used to for outcome analysis. The prevalence of ARLD worldwide was 4.8%. The prevalence in males was 2.9%, which was higher than female (0.5%). Among the ethnic groups, the percentage was highest in Caucasians (68.9%). Alcoholic liver cirrhosis comprised the highest proportion in the disease spectrum of ARLD at 32.9%. The prevalence of ascites in ARLD population was highest (25.1%). The ARLD population who drinking for > 20 years accounted for 54.8%, and the average daily alcohol intake was 146.6 g/d. About 59.5% of ARLD patients were current or former smokers, and 18.7% were complicated with hepatitis virus infection. The incidence was 0.208/1000 person-years. The overall mortality was 23.9%, and the liver-related mortality was 21.6%.

Conclusion: The global prevalence of ARLD was 4.8% and was affected by sex, region, drinking years, and other factors. Therefore, removing the factors causing a high disease prevalence is an urgent requisite.

Trial registration: PROSPERO Nr: CRD42021286192.

Keywords: Alcohol related liver diseases; Epidemiology; Prevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study selection. The entire screening process were described, including the selected the reasons for the exclusion of articles and the number of including and excluding artcles. ARLD: alcohol-associated liver disease. HBV: hepatitis B virus. HCV: hepatitis C virus. HIV: human immunodeficiency virus. DILI: drug-induced liver injury.* Some articles were used for more than one of the analyses of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. # When searching for relevant articles found 4 additional articles that met the inclusion criteria
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The global prevalence of ARLD. The prevalence in 14 countries was indicated by depth of red. The 14 countries included Portugal, Canada, Iceland, France, China, USA, Denmark, South Korea, Uganda, India, UK, Sweden, Japan, and Italy
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The prevalence of ARLD in China by provinces. The prevalence in 21 provinces of China was indicated by depth of red. The prevalence in China was obtained from the analysis of 21 cities or provinces including Sichuan, Beijing, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Gansu, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Zhejiang, Henan, Hunan, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Taiwan, Tibet, Liaoning, Yunnan, Anhui, Shandong, Hebei, and Xinjiang provinces
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