Dietary Supplementation with Putrescine Improves Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Wenchang Chickens

Abstract

This study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with putrescine on the growth performance and meat quality of chickens. A total of 480 eighty-day-old female Wenchang chickens were randomly assigned into four groups, with 8 replications per group and 15 animals per replicate. The chickens in the control group (Con) were fed a basal diet; the 3 experimental groups were fed a basal diet with 0.01%, 0.03%, and 0.05% putrescine, respectively. The experiment lasted for 40 days. The results showed that dietary supplementation with 0.05% putrescine increased (p < 0.05) the final body weight and average daily weight gain, and decreased the ratio of feed intake to the body weight gain of Wenchang chickens. Dietary supplementation with putrescine decreased the concentrations of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in serum (p < 0.05). The contents of methionine, phenylalanine, lysine, aspartic acid, tyrosine, total essential amino acids, and total amino acids in breast muscle were higher (p < 0.05) in 0.03% and 0.05% groups than those in Con group. However, the contents of undecanoic acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, arachidic acid, docosanoic acid, tricosanic acid, lignoceric acid, erucic acid, cis-11,14,17-eicosatrienoate, linoleic acid, and total n-6 monounsaturated fatty acids in breast muscle were lower (p < 0.05) in 0.03% and 0.05% groups than those in Con group. In addition, putrescine supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) the ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast meat. Overall, dietary supplementation with 0.05% putrescine enhanced the growth performance and meat quality of Wenchang chickens.

Keywords: Wenchang chickens; amino acid; fatty acid; growth performance; putrescine.

Figure 1

The contents of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in serum (A–C) and breast muscle (D–F) of Wenchang chickens. The values are the means ± SEM, n = 8. The different superscript letters (a–c) above the bars show significant difference at p < 0.05.

Figure 2

The morphology of breast muscle. (A–D): Control, 0.01% putrescine group, 0.03% putrescine group, and 0.05% putrescine group, respectively. The diameter (E) and area (F) of muscle fibers of Wenchang chickens. The values are the means ± SEM, n = 8, bar = 75 μm.