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Review
. 2023 Apr 27;24(9):7933.
doi: 10.3390/ijms24097933.

Review on Generation and Characterization of Copper Particles and Copper Composites Prepared by Mechanical Milling on a Lab-Scale

Sebastián Salazar Sandoval  1 , Nataly Silva  1
Affiliations
Review

Review on Generation and Characterization of Copper Particles and Copper Composites Prepared by Mechanical Milling on a Lab-Scale

Sebastián Salazar Sandoval et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

This review aims to expose mechanical milling as an alternative method for generating copper-based particles (copper particles (CuP) and copper composites (CuC)); more specifically, via a top-down or bottom-up approach, on a lab-scale. This work will also highlight the different parameters that can affect the size distribution, the type, and the morphology of the obtained CuP or CuC, such as the type of mechanical mill, ball-to-powder ratios (BPR), the milling speed, milling time, and the milling environment, among others. This review analyzes various papers based on the Cu-based particle generation route, which begins with a pretreatment step, then mechanical milling, its approach (top-down or bottom-up), and the post-treatment. Finally, the characterization methods of the resulting CuP and CuC through mechanical milling are also discussed.

Keywords: ball milling; bottom-up; copper composites; copper particles; high-energy ball milling; mechanical milling; mechanochemistry; microparticles; nanoparticles; top-down.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Generation routes of copper particle preparation [15]. Created with Biorender.com, accesed on 18 March 2023.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Classification of the most common types of ball mills according to their processing scales [26]. Created with Biorender.com.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Generation route for the manufacturing of Cu-based particles through mechanical milling. Created with Biorender.com.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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