Recent Studies on the Application of Microwave-Assisted Method for the Preparation of Heterogeneous Catalysts and Catalytic Hydrogenation Processes

Abstract

Currently, microwave radiation is widely used in various chemical processes in order to intensify them and carry out processes within the framework of "green" chemistry approaches. In the last 10 years, there has been a significant increase in the number of scientific publications on the application of microwaves in catalytic reactions and synthesis of nanomaterials. It is known that heterogeneous catalysts obtained under microwave activation conditions have many advantages, such as improved catalytic characteristics and stability, and the synthesis of nanomaterials is accelerated several times compared to traditional methods used to produce catalysts. The present review article is to summarize the results of modern research on the use of microwave radiation for the synthesis of heterogeneous catalytic nanomaterials and discusses the prospects for research in the field of microwave-induced liquid-phase heterogeneous catalysis in hydrogenation.

Keywords: microwave radiation; selective hydrogenation; synthesis of catalysts.

Figure 1

The schematic diagram of the special thermal effect of microwave on the solid catalysts (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [23]).

Figure 2

The schematic illustration of the formation of bismuth molybdate catalysts (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [35]).

Figure 3

The schematic reaction of hydrogenolysis of ethylene carbonate.

Figure 4

The catalyst generation process (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [41]).

Figure 5

Hydrogenation of CAL ○ % Conv 1: conventional heating, •% Conv 2: microwave irradiation, □ % Sel 1: conventional heating and ■ Sel 2: microwave irradiation (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [51]).

Figure 6

Furfural derivatives (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [53]).

Figure 7

One−pot multi-step synthesis of γ−valerolactone from furfuryl alcohol (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [60]).