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Review
. 2023 May 2;15(9):2170.
doi: 10.3390/polym15092170.

Description of Poly(aryl-ether-ketone) Materials (PAEKs), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) for Application as a Dental Material: A Materials Science Review

Syazwani Mohamad Zol  1 , Muhammad Syafiq Alauddin  2 , Zulfahmi Said  3 , Mohd Ifwat Mohd Ghazali  4 , Lee Hao-Ern  1 , Durratul Aqwa Mohd Farid  1 , Nur A'fifah Husna Zahari  1 , Aws Hashim Ali Al-Khadim  2 , Azrul Hafiz Abdul Aziz  5
Affiliations
Review

Description of Poly(aryl-ether-ketone) Materials (PAEKs), Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) for Application as a Dental Material: A Materials Science Review

Syazwani Mohamad Zol et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

Poly(aryl-ether-ketone) materials (PAEKs), a class of high-performance polymers comprised of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), have attracted interest in standard dental procedures due to their inherent characteristics in terms of mechanical and biological properties. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a restorative dental material widely used for prosthetic frameworks due to its superior physical, mechanical, aesthetic, and handling features. Meanwhile, polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic embraced in the additive manufacturing market. In the present review study, a new way to fabricate high-performance polymers, particularly PEEK and PEKK, is demonstrated using additive manufacturing digital dental technology, or 3-dimensional (3D) printing. The focus in this literature review will encompass an investigation of the chemical, mechanical, and biological properties of HPPs, particularly PEEK and PEKK, along with their application particularly in dentistry. High-performance polymers have gained popularity in denture prosthesis in advance dentistry due to their flexibility in terms of manufacturing and the growing interest in utilizing additive manufacturing in denture fabrication. Further, this review also explores the literature regarding the properties of high-performance polymers (HPP) compared to previous reported polymers in terms of the dental material along with the current advancement of the digital designing and manufacturing.

Keywords: additive manufacturing; dental materials; dentistry; high-performance polymer (HPP); polyetheretherketone (PEEK); polyetherketoneketone (PEKK).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Polymer pyramid listing high performance polymers used as dental materials organized from high-performance polymers plastics to low cost in term of amorphous and semi-crystalline.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Reiterating unit construction of (A) Polyether ether ketone (PEEK), (B) Polyether ketone ketone (PEKK), from (n) Polyaryletherketone (PAEK).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sulfonation reaction on PAEK.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chain packing in PEEK and PEKK as reported in literature.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Next Dent 3D printing machine.
Figure 6
Figure 6
DLP printing mechanism uses projection.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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