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. 2023 Sep;43(9):3403-3412.
doi: 10.1007/s10792-023-02748-5. Epub 2023 May 15.

Evaluation of fixation characteristics in amblyopia using microperimetry

Deniz Altinbay  1   2   3 , Esra Sahli  4   5 , Pinar Bingol Kiziltunc  4   5 , Huban Atilla  5
Affiliations

Evaluation of fixation characteristics in amblyopia using microperimetry

Deniz Altinbay et al. Int Ophthalmol. 2023 Sep.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate fixation characteristics in amblyopia using macular analyzer integrity assessment (MAIA) microperimetry and to investigate the factors affecting fixation stability.

Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study enrolled a total of 58 amblyopic patients who were between 8 and 55 years old. Average threshold macular sensitivity (AT) and fixation characteristics were assessed using MAIA microperimetry. Two Bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) fixation indices (63% and 95% proportional values) and the percentage of fixation points within 1° and 2° from the fovea (P1 and P2) were used to assess fixation stability. Non-amblyopic fellow eyes were used as the control group for comparison.

Results: AT and fixation stability indices (P1, P2, BCEA 63%, BCEA 95%) were worse in the amblyopic eyes than in the fellow eyes (p < 0.05, for all indices). There was a moderate positive correlation between best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and AT, and P2, and a moderate negative correlation between BCVA, and BCEA indices. 48% of the eyes were eccentrically fixating (the percentage was 25% in the anisometropic group, 52% in the strabismic group, and 69% in the combined group) and 32% in the non-amblyopic eye (p = 0.052). The preferred fixation eccentricity in amblyopic eyes was significantly greater than the non-amblyopic eyes (p = 0.004), and there was a negative correlation between preferred fixation eccentricity and BCVA (p = 0.012, r = - 0.327).

Conclusions: Our data showed a decrease in fixation stability, a positive correlation between fixation stability and BCVA, and a negative correlation between preferred fixation eccentricity and BCVA in amblyopic eyes.

Keywords: Amblyopia; Fixation location; Fixation stability; Microperimetry; Strabismus.

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