[Intraaortic Ballon-pump: Physiology, Indication, Management]

Abstract

The intraaortic ballon-pump (IABP) is a percutaneous mechanical circulatory support device, which is used in patients either with insufficient cardiac output or in patients with high-risk situation before cardiac intervention, like surgical revascularisation or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Due to electrocardiographic or arterial pressure pulse the IABP augments diastolic coronary perfusion pressure and reduces systolic afterload. Thereby, myocardial oxygen supply-demand ratio is improved and cardiac output is increased. Many national and international cardiology, cardiothoracic and intensive care medicine societies and associations worked together in order to develop evidence-based recommendations and guidelines for the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative management of the IABP. This manuscript is mainly based on the S3 guideline "Use of intraaortic balloon-pump in cardiac surgery" from the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (DGTHG).