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. 2023 May 16;13(5):e068561.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068561.

Effect of body image perception and skin-lightening practices on mental health of Filipino emerging adults: a mixed-methods approach protocol

Zypher Jude G Regencia  1   2 , Jean-Philippe Gouin  3 , Mary Ann J Ladia  4   2 , Jaime C Montoya  5 , Emmanuel S Baja  4   2
Affiliations

Effect of body image perception and skin-lightening practices on mental health of Filipino emerging adults: a mixed-methods approach protocol

Zypher Jude G Regencia et al. BMJ Open. .

Abstract

Introduction: The rampant distribution of idealised images on the internet may lead the general public to improve their body appearance in a way that is sometimes excessive, compulsive or detrimental to other aspects of their lives. There is a decreasing appreciation of body image among emerging adults and an increasing trend on skin-lightening practices linked with psychological distress. This protocol describes the mixed-method approach to assess the relationships among body image perception, skin-lightening practices and mental well-being of Filipino emerging adults and determine the factors that influence them.

Methods and analysis: An explanatory sequential mixed-method approach will be used. A cross-sectional study design will involve an online self-administered questionnaire of 1258 participants, while a case study design will involve in-depth interviews with 25 participants. Data analysis will use generalised linear models and structural equation modelling with a Bayesian network for the quantitative data. Moreover, the qualitative data will use an inductive approach in thematic analysis. A contiguous narrative approach will integrate the quantitative and qualitative data.

Ethics and dissemination: The University of the Philippines Manila Review Ethics Board has approved this protocol (UPMREB 2022-0407-01). The study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed articles and conference presentations.

Keywords: Anxiety disorders; Depression & mood disorders; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MENTAL HEALTH; PUBLIC HEALTH.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Structural model for the exposure, mediator and outcome variables. A, anxiety; BA, body appreciation; BE, body esteem; D, depression; EA, education attainment; HI, household income; K, knowledge; P, perception; PRA, positive rational acceptance; R, type of residence; RS, relationship status; S, stress; SO, sexual orientation; U, use; WS, working status.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Implementation matrix for the proposed explanatory sequential mixed-method study.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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