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[Preprint]. 2023 May 2:2023.04.29.23289226.

doi: 10.1101/2023.04.29.23289226.

Development of the PSYCHS: Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS

Scott W Woods^{1

2}, Sophie Parker^{3

4}, Melissa J Kerr^{5

6}, Barbara C Walsh^{1

2}, S Andrea Wijtenburg⁷, Nicholas Prunier⁸, Angela R Nunez^{1

2}, Kate Buccilli^{5

6}, Catalina Mourgues-Codern^{1

2}, Kali Brummitt⁹, Kyle S Kinney¹⁰, Carli Trankler¹¹, Julia Szacilo¹², Beau-Luke Colton³, Munaza Ali^{1

2}, Anastasia Haidar⁸, Tashrif Billah⁸, Kevin Huynh^{5

6}, Uzair Ahmed^{5

6}, Laura L Adery¹³, Cheryl M Corcoran¹⁴, Diana O Perkins¹⁵, Jason Schiffman¹⁶, Jesus Perez^{12

17}, Daniel Mamah⁹, Lauren M Ellman¹⁰, Albert R Powers 3rd^{1

2}, Michael J Coleman⁸, Alan Anticevic^{1

2}, Paolo Fusar-Poli^{18

19}, John M Kane^{20

21}, Rene S Kahn¹⁴, Patrick D McGorry^{5

6}, Carrie E Bearden¹¹, Martha E Shenton^{8

22}, Barnaby Nelson^{5

6}, Monica E Calkins²³, Larry Hendricks^{5

6}, Sylvain Bouix^{8

24}, Jean Addington⁹, Thomas H McGlashan^{1

2}, Alison R Yung^{3

4

5

25}; Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA.
² Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
³ Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
⁴ Youth Mental Health Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
⁵ Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
⁶ Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
⁷ Division of Translational Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
¹¹ Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
¹² CAMEO, Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
¹³ Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences & Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
¹⁷ Institute of Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Department of Medicine, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
¹⁸ Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, UK.
¹⁹ Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy.
²⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
²¹ Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
²² Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
²³ Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.
²⁴ Department of Software Engineering and Information Technology, École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada.
²⁵ Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.

PMID: 37205422
PMCID: PMC10187348
DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.29.23289226

Development of the PSYCHS: Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS

Scott W Woods et al. medRxiv. 2023.

[Preprint]. 2023 May 2:2023.04.29.23289226.

doi: 10.1101/2023.04.29.23289226.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT, USA.
² Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA.
³ Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
⁴ Youth Mental Health Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
⁵ Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
⁶ Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
⁷ Division of Translational Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁸ Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB Canada.
¹⁰ Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
¹¹ Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
¹² CAMEO, Early Intervention in Psychosis Service, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
¹³ Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences & Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
¹⁶ Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
¹⁷ Institute of Biomedical Research (IBSAL), Department of Medicine, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
¹⁸ Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, UK.
¹⁹ Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy.
²⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, USA.
²¹ Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
²² Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
²³ Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA.
²⁴ Department of Software Engineering and Information Technology, École de Technologie Supérieure, Université du Québec, Montréal, QC, Canada.
²⁵ Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.

PMID: 37205422
PMCID: PMC10187348
DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.29.23289226

Update in

Development of the PSYCHS: Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS.
Woods SW, Parker S, Kerr MJ, Walsh BC, Wijtenburg SA, Prunier N, Nunez AR, Buccilli K, Mourgues-Codern C, Brummitt K, Kinney KS, Trankler C, Szacilo J, Colton BL, Ali M, Haidar A, Billah T, Huynh K, Ahmed U, Adery LL, Marcy PJ, Allott K, Amminger P, Arango C, Broome MR, Cadenhead KS, Chen EYH, Choi J, Conus P, Cornblatt BA, Glenthøj LB, Horton LE, Kambeitz J, Kapur T, Keshavan MS, Koutsouleris N, Langbein K, Lavoie S, Diaz-Caneja CM, Mathalon DH, Mittal VA, Nordentoft M, Pasternak O, Pearlson GD, Gaspar PA, Shah JL, Smesny S, Stone WS, Strauss GP, Wang J, Corcoran CM, Perkins DO, Schiffman J, Perez J, Mamah D, Ellman LM, Powers AR 3rd, Coleman MJ, Anticevic A, Fusar-Poli P, Kane JM, Kahn RS, McGorry PD, Bearden CE, Shenton ME, Nelson B, Calkins ME, Hendricks L, Bouix S, Addington J, McGlashan TH, Yung AR; Accelerating Medicines Partnership Schizophrenia. Woods SW, et al. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2024 Apr;18(4):255-272. doi: 10.1111/eip.13457. Epub 2023 Aug 28. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2024. PMID: 37641537 Free PMC article.

Abstract

Aim: To harmonize two ascertainment and severity rating instruments commonly used for the clinical high risk syndrome for psychosis (CHR-P): the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes (SIPS) and the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS).

Methods: The initial workshop is described in the companion report from Addington et al. After the workshop, lead experts for each instrument continued harmonizing attenuated positive symptoms and criteria for psychosis and CHR-P through an intensive series of joint videoconferences.

Results: Full harmonization was achieved for attenuated positive symptom ratings and psychosis criteria, and partial harmonization for CHR-P criteria. The semi-structured interview, named P ositive SY mptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the C AARMS H armonized with the S IPS (PSYCHS), generates CHR-P criteria and severity scores for both CAARMS and SIPS.

Conclusion: Using the PSYCHS for CHR-P ascertainment, conversion determination, and attenuated positive symptom severity rating will help in comparing findings across studies and in meta-analyses.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest statement: S.W.W. has received sponsor-initiated research funding support from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Amarex, and SyneuRx. He has been a paid consultant to Boehringer-Ingelheim, New England Research Institute, and Takeda. He has been granted US patent no. 8492418 B2 for a method of treating prodromal schizophrenia with glycine agonists. B.C.W. has been a paid consultant with Boehringer-Ingelheim and the Pier Institute. A.A. holds equity and is a member of the Technology Advisory Board for Neumora Therapeutics, Inc.; is a cofounder, serves as a member of the Board of Directors, as a scientific adviser, and holds equity in Manifest Technologies, Inc.; and is a coinventor on the following patent: Anticevic A, Murray JD, Ji JL: Systems and Methods for NeuroBehavioral Relationships in Dimensional Geometric Embedding, PCT International Application No. PCT/US2119/022110, filed Mar 13, 2019. J.M.K has received honoraria for lectures or consulting from Alkermes. R.S.K. has consulted for Alkermes, Otsuka, and Sunovion. D.O.P reports consulting for Alkermes. S.R.C. reports Speaker’s Fees / Honoraria: Janssen-Cillag Australia, Lundbeck-Otsuka Australia, Servier Australia Advisory Board: Lundbeck – Otsuka Australia (Maintena, Brexpiprazole) Investigator initiated grants: Janssen-Cillag Australia, Lundbeck-Otsuka AustraliaTravel Support: Janssen-Cillag Australia. D.H.M. has served as a consultant for Neurocrine Biosciences. C.A. has been a consultant to or has received honoraria or grants from Acadia, Angelini, Biogen, Boehringer, Gedeon Richter, Janssen Cilag, Lundbeck, Medscape, Menarini, Minerva, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, Sage, Servier, Shire, Schering Plough, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Sunovion and Takeda. E.Y.H.C. reports investigator initiated grants: Janssen-Cillag. C.M.D-C. reports grant support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PI17/00481, PI20/00721, JR19/00024) and honoraria from Exeltis and Angelini. P.J.M. has received sponsor initiated funding from Alkermes, Boehringer Ingelheim, Roche, NeuroRX, and Otsuka and honorarium from Alkermes, Lundbeck, Otsuka, and BioXcel. Other authors report no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1.**
COA^† conceptual framework for the PSYCHS^‡ symptom severity assessment. The conceptual framework consists of a conceptual model (left side of panel) and a measurement model (right side of panel). In the conceptual model, attenuated positive symptom-related health experiences resulting from the Clinical High Risk Syndrome for Psychosis are organized into 15 distinct symptoms. These health experiences are organized into three general concepts: 1) attenuated delusions, 2) attenuated hallucinations, and 3) attenuated thought disorder. Together the three general concepts form the concept of interest. In the measurement model, 15 measurement items corresponding to the health experience areas captured by the PSYCHS yield severity scores that in turn are used to compute a Clinical High Risk Syndrome for Psychosis severity index. † Clinical Outcomes Assessment ‡ Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Addington J, Stowkowy J, Liu L, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Cornblatt BA, McGlashan TH, Perkins DO, Seidman LJ, Tsuang MT, Walker EF, Bearden CE, Mathalon DH, Santesteban-Echarri O, Woods SW (2019). Clinical and functional characteristics of youth at clinical high-risk for psychosis who do not transition to psychosis. Psychological Medicine 49(10), 1670–1677. - PubMed
1. Addington J, Woods SW, Yung AR, Calkins ME, Fusar-Poli P (2023). Harmonizing the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS) and the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS): An initial approach. Early Interv Psychiatry in press. - PubMed
1. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. American Psychiatric Association, Washington DC.
1. American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. American Psychiatric Association, Arlington, VA.
1. American Psychiatric Association (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision. American Psychiatric Publishing, Washington DC.

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This is a preprint.

Development of the PSYCHS: Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS

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Development of the PSYCHS: Positive SYmptoms and Diagnostic Criteria for the CAARMS Harmonized with the SIPS

Authors

Affiliations

Update in

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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References

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