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. 2023 Apr;75(Suppl 1):828-835.
doi: 10.1007/s12070-022-03458-7. Epub 2023 Jan 2.

Clinico-Etiological Evaluation of Epistaxis

Shivam Ruhela  1 , Himanshu Kumar Mittal  2 , S S Bist  1 , Mahima Luthra  1 , Lovneesh Kumar  1 , Vinish Kumar Agarwal  1
Affiliations

Clinico-Etiological Evaluation of Epistaxis

Shivam Ruhela et al. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

Epistaxis or bleeding from nose, a commonly confronted condition in the department of otorhinolaryngology can be a disquietening experience and sometimes a life threatening emergency for the patient. The aim of this study is to study the clinical profile and aetiology in epistaxis patients. An observational prospective study carried out over a period of 12 months in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. A total of 104 patients of all age groups and gender presenting with epistaxis were included in the study. Males formed majority of the patients (68.27%) as compared to female patients (31.73%). Most of the patients were in the age group of 51-70 years with majority being farmers (30.77%). The finding of variation with age was statistically significant (p < 0.05) with most patients in the age group of 51-60 years presenting in winter season. Local causes were observed to be more common (50.96%) among which trauma was the predominant cause (23.08%). Systemic causes formed 37.58% of cases, out of which hypertension was the commonest cause. In our study, non-surgical measures were most commonly employed treatment modality (85.58%) among which medical management was done in most patients. Trauma and hypertension contributed to the majority of patients presenting with epistaxis in our study with cold, dry winter months associated with increased incidence of epistaxis.

Keywords: Clinico-etiological; Epistaxis; Management.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThe author’s do not have any conflict of interest with any person individual or organization.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Age distribution
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Classification of epistaxis according to age
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Seasonal distribution
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Predominant Clinical findings on DNE
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Distribution based on the bleeding site
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Percentage of identified bleeding sites
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Aetiological distribution
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
CECT axial section showing Rt. sided nasopharyngeal mass with extension to nasal cavity diagnosed as nasopharyngeal carcinoma on HPE
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
CECT coronal section showing Rt. sided sinonasal mass diagnosed as inverted papilloma on HPE
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Distribution based on aetiology
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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