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. 2023 May 8:14:1131395.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1131395. eCollection 2023.

Age at diagnosis, diabetes duration and the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

Xuelin Yao  1 , Jie Zhang  1 , Xiaoqian Zhang  1 , Tian Jiang  1 , Yi Zhang  1 , Fang Dai  1 , Honglin Hu  1 , Qiu Zhang  1
Affiliations

Age at diagnosis, diabetes duration and the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

Xuelin Yao et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate characteristics and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) according to age at diagnosis and disease duration among adults with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods: The association between age at diagnosis, diabetes duration and CVD were examined in 1,765 patients with DM. High risk of estimated ten-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) was performed by the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) project. Data were compared with analysis of variance and χ2 test, respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors of CVD.

Results: The mean age at diagnosis (± standard deviation) was 52.91 ± 10.25 years and diabetes duration was 8.06 ± 5.66 years. Subjects were divided into early-onset DM group (≤43 years), late-onset DM group (44 to 59 years), elderly-onset DM group (≥60 years) according to age at diagnosis. Diabetes duration was classified by 5 years. Both early-onset and longest diabetes duration (>15 years) had prominent hyperglycaemia. Diabetes duration was associated with the risk of ischemic stroke (odds ratio (OR), 1.091) and coronary artery disease (OR, 1.080). Early-onset group (OR, 2.323), and late-onset group (OR, 5.199), and hypertension (OR, 2.729) were associated with the risk of ischemic stroke. Late-onset group (OR, 5.001), disease duration (OR, 1.080), and hypertension (OR, 2.015) and hyperlipidemia (OR, 1.527) might increase the risk of coronary artery disease. Aged over 65 (OR, 10.192), central obesity (OR, 1.992), hypertension (OR, 18.816), cardiovascular drugs (OR, 5.184), antihypertensive drugs (OR, 2.780), and participants with disease duration >15 years (OR, 1.976) were associated with the high risk of estimated ten-year ASCVD in participants with DM.

Conclusion: Age at diagnosis, diabetes duration, hypertension and hyperlipidemia were independent risks of CVD. Longest (>15 years) diabetes duration increased the high risk of ten-year ASCVD prediction among Chinese patients with DM. It's urgent to emphasize the importance of age at diagnosis and diabetes duration to improve primary complication of diabetes.

Keywords: age at diagnosis; cardiovascular disease; diabetes duration; diabetes mellitus; macrovascular complications.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the subjects selecting in the study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Relation between disease duration and clinical parameters according to age at diagnosis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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