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. 2023 May 8:14:1099889.
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1099889. eCollection 2023.

The feasibility of discriminating BRONJ lesion bone with Raman spectroscopy

Chengwan Xia  1 , Yumei Pu  1 , Qian Zhang  1 , Qingang Hu  1 , Yuxin Wang  1
Affiliations

The feasibility of discriminating BRONJ lesion bone with Raman spectroscopy

Chengwan Xia et al. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Background: With the frequent use of Bisphosphonates (BPs), the morbidity of BP-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is also increasing. However, the prevention and treatment of BRONJ is faced with enormous challenges. This study aimed to illuminate the influence of BP administration in the rat mandible and explore the feasibility of discriminating BRONJ lesion bone with Raman spectroscopy.

Materials and methods: First, we explored the time- and mode-dependent effects of BP administration on the rat mandible with Raman spectroscopy. Second, the BRONJ rat model was constructed, and the lesion and healthy bone components were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy.

Results: When only BPs were administered, no rats showed BRONJ symptoms, and no difference could be found in the Raman spectra. However, when combined with local surgery, six (6/8) rats showed BRONJ symptoms. The Raman spectra also showed a significant difference between the lesion and healthy bone.

Conclusion: In the progression of BRONJ, BPs and local stimulation play an essential role. Both BPs administration and local stimulation need to be controlled to prevent BRONJ. Moreover, BRONJ lesion bone in rats could be discriminated with Raman spectroscopy. This novel method would become a complement in the treatment of BRONJ in the future.

Keywords: Raman spectral; bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw; bisphosphonates; lesion bone; zoledronate.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Time-dependent effects of BP administration on the rat mandible. (A) Schedule of BP administration to rats. (B) Pathology images show increased trabeculae with increased BP administration times in the cancellous bone region. (C, D) The Raman spectra from different groups and the derived parameters show no significant difference in the mandibular components and structure.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Method-dependent effects of BP administration on the rat mandible. (A) Schedule of BP administration to rats. (B) Pathology images show increased trabeculae in the cancellous bone region with the BP administration compared with the control group. (C, D) The Raman spectra from a different group and the derived parameters show no significant difference in mandibular components and structure (iH: subcutaneous injection, iV: intravenous injection, and PO: oral administration).
Figure 3
Figure 3
The Raman spectra difference between the lesion and normal bone in the BRONJ mandible. (A) Schedule of the rat BRONJ model construction. (B) The camera and micro-CT image of the rat with BRONJ. (C) The Raman spectrum from healthy and lesion bone in the rat mandible with BRONJ shows significant differences. (D) Various parameters derived from Raman spectra show obvious changes in mandibular components and structure. (E) The pathological image shows the formation of dead bone and infiltration of inflammatory cells, further confirming the successful construction of the BRONJ model of rat. **** = P<0.0001.
Figure 4
Figure 4
PCA analysis comparing the lesion bone of BRONJ and healthy bone.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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