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. 2023 Apr;82(3):324-335.
doi: 10.1177/00178969231157699. Epub 2023 Feb 28.

Urban Youth Perceptions of Sports and Energy Drinks: Insights for Health Promotion Messaging

Erin K Maloney  1 , Amy Bleakley  1 , Robin Stevens  2   3 , Morgan Ellithorpe  1   4 , Amy Jordan  5
Affiliations

Urban Youth Perceptions of Sports and Energy Drinks: Insights for Health Promotion Messaging

Erin K Maloney et al. Health Educ J. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine urban adolescents' beliefs about sports and energy drinks to identify factors for health messaging to discourage youth consumption.

Design: Focus group study involving thirty-four adolescents in urban areas (12 female, 12 male, and 10 unreported sex; 19 Hispanic, 11 Non-Hispanic Black, 2 Asian, and 1 unknown race or ethnicity).

Setting: Four focus groups were conducted with adolescents in urban areas.

Method: Each on-time moderated group discussion was structured to generate an inventory of attitudinal, normative and efficacy beliefs associated with sports and energy drink consumption and reduction. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results: Attitudinal and normative beliefs were more positive towards sports drink consumption and energy drink reduction. Misperceptions about the need for sports drinks to avoid dehydration during physical activity were evident. Product accessibility and advertising pervasiveness were facilitators influencing consumption and barriers to reduction for both products.

Conclusion: Results highlight important differences in perceptions about sports and energy drinks that indicate the need for different approaches and messages for interventions designed to curb consumption of these products. Recommendations for message design are provided.

Keywords: energy drinks; focus groups; formative research; reasoned action approach; sports drinks; sugar sweetened beverages; urban youth.

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