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. 2023 Mar 25:33:102190.
doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102190. eCollection 2023 Jun.

Association of dual electronic cigarettes and marijuana use with sleep duration among adults from the United States, NHANES 2015-2018

Zhenzhen Pan  1 , Qian Wang  1 , Yun Guo  1 , Shidi Xu  1 , Shanshan Pan  1 , Shiyao Xu  1 , Qin Zhou  1 , Ling Li  1
Affiliations

Association of dual electronic cigarettes and marijuana use with sleep duration among adults from the United States, NHANES 2015-2018

Zhenzhen Pan et al. Prev Med Rep. .

Abstract

Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is becoming more widespread, and studies show that they are not absolutely harmless. To investigate the association between the dual use of e-cigarettes and marijuana with sleep duration among adults in the United States, this cross-sectional study used data from 6,573 participants aged 18-64 years from 2015 to 2018 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. Chi-square tests and analysis of variance were used for bivariate analyses of binary and continuous variables, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analyses of e-cigarette use, marijuana use, and sleep duration. Sensitivity analyses were conducted in populations with dual e-cigarette and traditional cigarette use and dual marijuana and traditional cigarette use. People who concurrently use e-cigarettes and marijuana had higher odds of not having the recommended sleep duration than neither users (short sleep duration: odds ratio [OR], 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-4.61; P = 0.014; long sleep duration: OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.53-2.87; P < 0.001) and a shorter sleep duration than e-cigarette only users (OR, 4.24; 95% CI, 1.75-4.60; P < 0.001). Concurrent traditional cigarette and marijuana users had higher odds of long sleep duration than neither users (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.21-3.24; P = 0.0065). Almost half of the people who concurrently use e-cigarettes and marijuana had both short and long sleep durations compared to neither users and short sleep duration compared to e-cigarette only users. Longitudinal randomized controlled trials are needed to explore the joint effect of dual tobacco use on sleep health.

Keywords: Dual use; E-cigarette; Marijuana; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; Sleep; Tobacco.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart for the selection of study participants in the current analysis. NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Number of participants with dual use of tobacco products and marijuana in different cycles (2015–2016 and 2017–2018).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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