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. 2023 Aug:176:e289-e296.
doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.05.052. Epub 2023 May 22.

The Hitchhiker's Guide to Spine Awake Surgery. The Oxford SAS Protocol and Early Outcomes

Paolo Rizzo  1 , Helen Hann  2 , Ben Coombs  2 , Ali Asgar Hatim Ali  3 , Amanda Stretton, Murtuza Sikander  3
Affiliations

The Hitchhiker's Guide to Spine Awake Surgery. The Oxford SAS Protocol and Early Outcomes

Paolo Rizzo et al. World Neurosurg. 2023 Aug.

Abstract

Objective: Spine awake surgery (SAS) aims to achieve faster recovery times, better outcomes, and a lesser economic impact on society. Our drive to establish SAS was to improve patient outcomes and health economics during the COVID-19 pandemic. After a systematic review and to the best of our knowledge, SAS, the Oxford Protocol, is the first protocolized pathway that aims to train bespoke teams performing SAS safely, efficiently, and in a standardized repeatable fashion. A pilot study was designed around newly derived protocols and simulated training to determine if SAS is a safe and implementable pathway to improve patient outcomes and health economics.

Methods: We assessed a cohort of 10 patients undergoing one-level lumbar discectomies and decompressions, analyzing the related costs, length of stay, complications, pain management, and patient satisfaction.

Results: The age range of our patients was 46-84 years. Three discectomies and 7 central canal stenosis decompressions were performed. Eight patients were discharged on the same day. All patients gave positive feedback about their experience of SAS. A significant cost saving was made compared to a general anesthesia (GA) overnight stay across the group. No on day cancellations occurred due to lack of bed availability. No patient needed analgesia in the recovery room or needed additional analgesia over and above the SAS e-prescription take home package.

Conclusions: Our early experience and journey reinforce our drive to push forward and expand on this process. It aligns with the international literature which highlights this approach as safe, efficient, and economical.

Keywords: Health economics; Patient benefits; Patient journey; Spine awake surgery.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) Theater layout: 1. Operating table. 2. Ancillary theatre equipment. 3. C-arm. 4. X-ray monitor. 5. Trolley. 6. Portable computer. 7. Anesthetic machine. 8. Operating microscope. 9. Scrub table. 10. Ultrasound machine. 11. Scrub room. (B) The operating team: 1. SAS patient. 2. Surgeon. 3. Surgical assistant. 4. Anesthetist. 5. Anesthetic assistant. 6. Scrub nurse. 7. Scrub assistant. 8. Radiographer. (C) Spinal anesthetic. (D) Positioning and TLIP block. (E) Draping and level check. (F) Surgery.
Figure 1
Figure 1
(A) Theater layout: 1. Operating table. 2. Ancillary theatre equipment. 3. C-arm. 4. X-ray monitor. 5. Trolley. 6. Portable computer. 7. Anesthetic machine. 8. Operating microscope. 9. Scrub table. 10. Ultrasound machine. 11. Scrub room. (B) The operating team: 1. SAS patient. 2. Surgeon. 3. Surgical assistant. 4. Anesthetist. 5. Anesthetic assistant. 6. Scrub nurse. 7. Scrub assistant. 8. Radiographer. (C) Spinal anesthetic. (D) Positioning and TLIP block. (E) Draping and level check. (F) Surgery.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Patient information leaflet.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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