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. 2023 May 25;51(1):31.
doi: 10.1186/s41182-023-00523-x.

Spatial and temporal distribution of reported dengue cases and hot spot identification in Quezon City, Philippines, 2010-2017

John Robert C Medina  1   2   3 , Rie Takeuchi  4   5 , Chris Erwin G Mercado  6 , Calvin S de Los Reyes  7   8 , Rolando V Cruz  9 , Melvin D R Abrigo  9 , Paul Michael R Hernandez  10 , Fernando B Garcia Jr  11 , Mika Salanguit  12 , Ernesto R Gregorio Jr  12 , Shin'ya Kawamura  13 , Khew Ee Hung  14 , Masami Kaneko  14 , Daisuke Nonaka  7 , Richard J Maude  6   15 , Jun Kobayashi  7
Affiliations

Spatial and temporal distribution of reported dengue cases and hot spot identification in Quezon City, Philippines, 2010-2017

John Robert C Medina et al. Trop Med Health. .

Abstract

Background: Dengue remains a major public health problem in the Philippines, particularly in urban areas of the National Capital Region. Thematic mapping using geographic information systems complemented by spatial analysis such as cluster analysis and hot spot detection can provide useful information to guide preventive measures and control strategies against dengue. Hence, this study was aimed to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of dengue incidence and identify dengue hot spots by barangay using reported cases from Quezon City, the Philippines from 2010 to 2017.

Methods: Reported dengue case data at barangay level from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017 were obtained from the Quezon City Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit. The annual incidence rate of dengue from 2010 to 2017, expressed as the total number of dengue cases per 10,000 population in each year, was calculated for each barangay. Thematic mapping, global cluster analysis, and hot spot analysis were performed using ArcGIS 10.3.1.

Results: The number of reported dengue cases and their spatial distribution varied highly between years. Local clusters were evident during the study period. Eighteen barangays were identified as hot spots.

Conclusions: Considering the spatial heterogeneity and instability of hot spots in Quezon City across years, efforts towards the containment of dengue can be made more targeted, and efficient with the application of hot spot analysis in routine surveillance. This may be useful not only for the control of dengue but also for other diseases, and for public health planning, monitoring, and evaluation.

Keywords: And Getis-Ord Local Gi*; Dengue; GIS; Getis-Ord General G statistic; Hot spot; Philippines; Quezon City; Spatial cluster.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Reference map of Quezon City in the National Capital Region, Philippines. Quezon City is one of the 16 highly urbanized cities in the National Capital Region
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Six legislative districts and barangays of Quezon City, National Capital Region, Philippines. Quezon City is subdivided into 142 barangays, which are grouped into six legislative districts (Additional file 1)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Numbers of reported dengue cases per 10,000 population in Quezon City, Philippines, 2010–2017
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Dengue incidence rate hot spots identified through the Getis-Ord local Gi* statistic
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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