Cervical Range of Motion Analysis Performed with an Accelerometer: A Study of Intersession Reliability for Dental Practice

Abstract

During the clinical examination of subjects with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), the dentist sometimes must evaluate the cervical spine, due to the anatomical and functional connections between the cervical portion of the spine and the stomatognathic apparatus. The accelerometer is a device that evaluates the Range of Motion (ROM) of the main movements of the head on the neck. To date, only a few studies have investigated the repeatability of the use of the accelerometer in the assessment of cervical ROM. Therefore, the present longitudinal observational study analyzed the repeatability of acquired cervical movements on a sample of volunteer subjects who underwent accelerometer testing. A sample of 32 subjects was tested twice within 14 days to assess cervical ROM using a standardized protocol based on a review of existing literature. The results show that the examination is reliable for all the positions of the jaw, except for the parameters regarding the asymmetries of rotation and bending. In conclusion, the accelerometer can be considered a reliable tool for evaluating the active cervical ROM. However, further studies will be necessary to make better evaluations.

Keywords: accelerometer; cranio-cervical-mandibular disorders; digital dentistry; intersession reliability; range of motion; temporomandibular disorders.

Figure 1

Baiobit Accelerometer.

Figure 2

Accelerometer positioned.

Figure 3

(a) mandibular rest position (Rest); (b) maximum intercuspation (Max. Int); (c) mandibular position with cotton rolls (Cotton); (d) clenching on cotton rolls (Cle. Cot); (e) clenching in maximum intercuspation (Clenching).