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. 2023 May 22;13(5):870.
doi: 10.3390/jpm13050870.

Prostate Cancer Scoring Index for Risk of Progression of Radioresistant Disease

Eleonora Cini Tesar  1 , Ivana Mikolasevic  1   2 , Iva Skocilic  1   2 , Arnela Redjovic  1   2 , Damir Vucinic  1   2 , Jasna Marusic  1   2 , Gordana Djordjevic  2   3
Affiliations

Prostate Cancer Scoring Index for Risk of Progression of Radioresistant Disease

Eleonora Cini Tesar et al. J Pers Med. .

Abstract

Prostate cancer (Pca) is among the most common malignant diseases in men and the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Surgery and radical radiotherapy (RT) remain the gold standard for the treatment of localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. The efficiency of radiotherapy treatment is limited by toxic side effects due to dose escalation. Cancer cells often develop radio-resistant mechanisms that are related to the DNA repair, inhibition of apoptosis or changes in cell cycle. Based on our earlier research on biomarkers that are involved in those cellular mechanisms (p53, bcl-2, NF-kb, Cripto-1 and Ki67 proliferation) and correlation with clinico-pathological parameters (age, PSA value, Gleason score, grade group, prognostic group), we created the numerical index for risk of tumor progression in patients with radioresistant tumors. For each of these parameters, the strength of association with disease progression was statistically assessed, and a specific number of points was assigned proportional to the strength of the correlation. Statistical analysis identified an optimal cut-off score of 22 or more as an indicator of significant risk for progression with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 66.7%. The scoring system in the retrospective receiver operating characteristic analysis showed AUC of 0.82. The potential value of this scoring is the possibility of identifying patients with clinically significant radioresistant Pca.

Keywords: biomarkers; disease progression; immunohistochemistry; prostate cancer; radiotherapy resistance.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Immunohistochemical analysis of p53, Bcl-2 and NF-κB protein levels in prostate carcinoma tissues. (A) Infrequent nuclear immunostaining of p53 in a better-differentiated tumor, magnification 400×. (B) More frequent nuclear immunostaining of p53 in a higher-grade tumor, magnification 400×. (C) Granular cytoplasmic reaction of NF-κB, magnification 200×. (D) Granular cytoplasmic reaction of NF-κB., magnification 400×. (E) Cripto-1 nuclear immunopositivity (magnification 200×).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The scoring system in the retrospective analysis of the operating characteristics of the receiver showed an AUC of 0.82. (p < 0.0001).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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